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MBA Study Tour to KL & Borneo

This reflection follows a group of 11 MBA student on a journey to gain insight into the business culture of Malaysia and initiatives to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Read more
  • Trip start
    November 14, 2025

    Sydney: The Study Tour Begins

    November 14, 2025 in Australia ⋅ ⛅ 18 °C

    The format of this study tour reflection is a daily journal, using the travel app “FindPenguins” to record the journey. The following five questions are considered for each day:
    💡 What did you learn?
    🌟 What was the highlight and why?
    🌏 Any relevant UN SDG issues?
    ❓ What was odd?
    🔑 Any other key takeaways?
    Read more

  • The scenic route to KL*

    Nov 15–16, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 30 °C

    *Not included in word count

    The trip from Sydney to Kuala Lumpur took an unexpected turn when major storms prevented us from landing in KL and we ended up near the border of Singapore in Johor Bahru for the night.

    After fighting crowds at JB airport for a seat on the plane, we finally made it to KL 20 hours late .
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  • Day 1: Putting KL on the map

    November 16, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 29 °C

    🏫 Malaysian Institute of Human Resource Management (MIHRI), Petronas Twin Towers, Batu Caves

    💡
    Meeting Mr Simon Benjamin at MIHRM and Dr Thiru from University of Malaya, I learned about cultural and economic factors creating challenges for HR in Malaysia: diversity vs division (Asian immigrants encouraged but with wage disparity, Indigenous given jobs without considering traditional cultures); diaspora to Singapore and Australia caused by an increasingly educated population (particularly women), higher incomes abroad, gender inequality; aging population addressed by expectations around women having more babies, immigration and reskilling.
    “Malaysians have the ideas but not the implementation” was mentioned by Dr Thiru with examples such as Grab, F1, casinos and health tourism moving to Singapore due to systemic government issues inhibiting innovation and funding.
    My observations highlighted gender biases with the female manager taking a quiet role in the corner, Mr Simon’s surprise at a male nurse “Oh that’s ok” and a female engineer.

    🌟
    The Petronas Twin Towers was a highlight showcasing Malaysia’s ambition to put Kuala Lumpur on the map. Once the tallest in the world, they remain iconic, with Tower 188, the second tallest globally, emphasising how infrastructure symbolises national pride and progress.

    🌏
    Gender equality (SDG 5) was evident in discussions about women leaving Malaysia and observed gender biases.
    Climate Change (SDG 13) surfaced at Petronas towers. The implication of this highly visible tower, housing a government linked oil and gas company, employing many raised questions about whether there were incentives to reduce fossil fuels reliance. In contrast, Burf Khalifa had a strong sustainability message throughout the visitor experience when I’d visited in 2023.


    It was surprising that Batu Caves, a deeply spiritual site, is sponsored by Pepsi, an odd juxtaposition of religion and commercial branding.
    I observed a cultural tendency of both our tour guide Nelson, and Mr Simon to avoid admitting “I don’t know” in relation to correct attire for the tower visit or other questions asked. “Saving face” is common in business settings across several Asian countries and was evident in Malaysia. The men responded confidently and provided an answer they believed to be acceptable even if not fully accurate.

    🔑
    A key takeaway was Malaysia’s desire for diversity. The comparison between Indigenous communities in Malaysia and Australia reinforced that engagement must respect cultural preferences rather than impose institutional solutions. Diversity in the Care industry also stood out, with wage disparities between Filipino and Indonesian workers highlighting economic inequities.

    *The long awaited 4th story of the Batu Caves has recently been written and can be found at this end of this journey.
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  • Day 2: KL tour

    November 17, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 26 °C

    🏫 Tour of KL: Tugu Negara (War Memorial), Istana Negara (King’s National Palace), Perdana Botanical Garden, Dataran Merdeka (Independence Square), Sultan Abdul Samad Building (British Colonial administration buildings), Parliament of Malaysia, China Town, Cooking class and Dinner at UOW Malaysia
    💡
    I learned that Malaysia operates as a constitutional monarchy within the Commonwealth, with a unique system where the king is elected every five years from hereditary rulers. The historical layers of Portuguese, Dutch, British and Islamic influence were evident in architecture and governance structures. The Parliament consists of an Upper House senate with 44 seats for experts selected by the King and 26 state-elected seats. The key issues in the lower house revolved around budget with roads, infrastructure, and project delays being main topics.
    🌟
    A highlight was the cooking class at UOW Malaysia with Chef Hamirudin and Shazana, and observing Malaysia’s modern educational facilities and the school’s commitment to sustainability and global partnerships.
    🌏
    The Parliament visit was a good demonstration of SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions). SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) was relevant during discussions on urban planning and flooding challenges in parliament.
    Solar panels at the parliament building reflected SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy)
    The UOW Malaysia was an impressive example of SDG 4 (Quality Education)

    Dataran Merdeka was an unusual showcase of Malaysia’s rich cultural blend such as European Tudor-style buildings alongside Islamic design elements. It was surprising that the Royal Selangor Club only allowed women in 2023, highlighting lingering gender norms. The nearby river of life was meant to highlight KL’s revitalised waterfront, however the mist jets over the polluted concrete channel more closely demonstrated the “ideas but not the implementation”.
    🔑
    The parliamentary speeches revealed the complexity of infrastructure planning and trade challenges in Malaysia. It was clear that budget constraints, political barriers and systemic issues make it difficult to get funding for basic capital investment, infrastructure, maintenance, natural disaster recovery and innovation.
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  • Day 3: Putrajaya and Universiti Malaya

    November 18, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 26 °C

    🏫 Cruise tour Putrajaya, University of Malaya – Social Wellbeing Research Centre (SWRC)

    💡I learned that Putrajaya is a planned city, with features like a man-made lake that lowers ambient temperature and architecture such as the red-domed mosque and green-domed Prime Minister’s office, showcasing how urban planning integrates aesthetics, functionality, and sustainability.
    The Universiti Malaya session with Dr Zulkiply Omar highlighted Malaysia’s economic journey, social wellbeing challenges, and why the country missed its high-income target for 2020 including covid, systemic issues and changing economic structure.

    🌟
    A highlight was visiting the Universiti Malaya, with friendly staff and cheeky monkeys in the jungle classroom. Dr Omar offered new perspectives on sustainable development and how priorities change over time. Sustainability previously focussed economic growth and jobs, now social wellbeing is gaining priority. People can be above the poverty line but deprived due to poor infrastructure and mobility. With life expectancy rising, the Asian obligation to care for parents has created a sandwich generation supporting both young families and parents with limited access to pensions and retirement funds.

    🌏
    SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) were central to discussions on Malaysia’s economic structure, foreign labour reliance, and social protection gaps. SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities) was evident in Putrajaya’s design and Cyberjaya’s ambition as a tech hub.


    Signs for “ASEAN – Inclusivity and Sustainability” were everywhere. In Australia the connotation would be inclusiveness of minorities and environmental sustainability. Dr Omar told us that in Malaysia Sustainable would refer to economic growth and this may be at the expense of the environment. Inclusivity refers to fair resource distribution, creating employment, reskilling for those displaced by de-industrialisation.
    It was surprising that despite strong education investments, many citizens are “too educated” and underemployed, while industries rely on cheap foreign labour, limiting innovation.

    🔑
    Malaysia’s shift from agriculture to services shows economic evolution, but rapid changes risk closures instead of innovation. Malaysian companies expanding to Australia, like Gamuda, may struggle with environmental and safety expectations, but exposure could accelerate Malaysia’s adoption of global sustainability standards.
    Read more

  • Day4: Celebrities in Borneo

    November 19, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 28 °C

    🏫 TEGAS Digital Village, Borneo Cultures Museum, Sunset Sarawak River Cruise
    💡
    I learned about Sarawak’s unique cultural and historical context, including its headhunting past and how leaders like James Brooke encouraged tribes to embrace differences and use resources locally rather than sending them to Britain. Sarawak’s diversity is striking, with 80 languages and English as the official language, and STEM subjects taught in English to support global competitiveness.
    🌟
    The visit to the Tegas Digital Village was the highlight because it demonstrated how Sarawak is positioning itself as a hub for innovation and entrepreneurship. Seeing initiatives like AI training programs, regenerative farming, and cultural branding startups showed how technology and tradition can coexist to create sustainable economic growth.
    🌏
    SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) were evident in Tegas programs that provide free digital education and foster job creation. SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) was reflected in the digital economy blueprint and partnerships with global companies.

    It was unexpected to learn that despite Sarawak’s resource wealth—oil and gold—the region still faces challenges in equitable development, highlighting the complexity of resource-based economies.
    🔑
    Sarawak’s focus on digital transformation and sustainability, combined with cultural preservation, illustrates a forward-thinking approach. The entrepreneurial ecosystem, from AI applications to regenerative farming, shows how innovation can drive inclusive growth while respecting local identity.
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  • Bako National Park

    November 20, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 27 °C

    🏫 Bako National Park
    💡
    I learned that Bako National Park, named after mangoes, is not only rich in biodiversity but also deeply connected to local communities. The Sarawak Forestry Corporation (SFC) maintains strong relationships with Bako village, employing villagers for boat trips and crocodile control, which supports conservation and livelihoods.
    🌟
    The highlight was seeing the vibrant life within Bako National Park including proboscis monkeys, bearded pigs, green vipers, stingless bees, and fiddler crabs as well as the unique ecosystems from the mangrove swamps to the forests, beaches and mountains.
    🌏
    SDG 13 (Climate Action) was evident in discussions about changing weather patterns—monsoon seasons becoming drier and wet seasons less predictable. Preservation of the vibrant wildlife demonstrated SDG 15 (Life on Land). SDG 5 (Gender Equality) was reflected in initiatives like Tanoti Crafts, which trains and empowers rural women, promoting economic independence and cultural preservation.

    It was surprising to learn that monitor lizards eat crocodile eggs, a fascinating ecological interaction that highlights the complexity of food chains in tropical environments.
    🔑
    The integration of conservation, community empowerment, and cultural heritage, such as engaging the indigenous village people for conservation work and supporting women artisans, illustrates how environmental and social sustainability can go hand in hand.
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  • Day 6: Orangutans

    November 21, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 27 °C

    🏫 Semenggoh Wildlife Centre Orangutans, Sarawak Biodiversity Centre – LiTSara Education Tour, Annah Rais Longhouse Village

    💡I learned that Sarawak leads Malaysia in renewable energy, with 70% of its power coming from hydropower and strong reforestation efforts, 35 million trees planted last year. Unlike other states, Sarawak retains control over its resources and funding, enabling faster environmental initiatives.
    The Sarawak Biodiversity Centre (SBC) documents indigenous knowledge and commercialises traditional plant uses with science to create products like essential oils and herbal remedies, ensuring benefit-sharing with local communities and preserving cultural heritage

    🌟
    A highlight was seeing the orangutans at the Semenggoh Wildlife Centre.
    Another highlight was visiting Annah Rais Longhouse Village and meeting Madam Emily and Village Chief Mr Joda Mamung. The Chief explained personally to me that conservation isn’t just European imposed style. Ancestral practices embed sustainability, such as 12 monthly rest days to allow both people to recover from the climates and the forest to regenerate; only cutting bamboo when tides are low and no moon– preventing over-consumption, ensuring no pests because of the new moon and quality as bamboo is stronger when dry.

    🌏
    SDG 15 (Life on Land) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) were evident in reforestation and biodiversity conservation. SDG 5 (Gender Equality) was reflected in women-led initiatives like beadwork and cultural tourism at Annah Rais.


    This was a day that challenged the Australian privileges of our group. Waiting hours for orangutans at Semenggoh challenged our instant-gratification mindset, I’m sure we were all thinking that this was a terrible business model but then, seeing six emerge was worth it.
    I don’t think I would have changed that.
    Another culture shock was village toilets and bedding, luxuries Australians (particularly MBA students) take for granted. But discomfort is part of authentic village life and I wouldn’t have changed a thing.

    🔑
    Sustainable development in Sarawak is deeply rooted in traditional practices, now complemented by modern science and business partnerships, proving sustainability is a way of life rather than a new concept.
    Read more

  • Day 7: Kuching Wetlands

    November 22, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ ☁️ 29 °C

    🏫 Kuching Wetlands and Irrawaddy Dolphin Spotting, Kuching bus tour

    💡I observed that conservation in Sarawak is noticeable balance between natural and traditional practices. Crocodiles play a vital role in maintaining healthy ecosystems by preying on old and sick animals such as proboscis monkeys. The unique relationship between Irrawaddy dolphins and fishermen, where dolphins help corral fish into nets in exchange for leftovers was fascinating and highlights the harmony between humans and wildlife.

    🌟
    The highlight was observing how traditional knowledge and modern conservation coexist. At the Irrawaddy dolphin spotting cruise, the dolphin-fishermen partnership stood out as an example of sustainable practices rooted in mutual benefit, reinforcing the importance of preserving cultural and ecological heritage.

    🌏
    SDG 14 (Life Below Water) and SDG 15 (Life on Land) were evident in efforts to protect marine and terrestrial species. The move of Sarawak Energy HQ to a green building aligns with SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).


    It was surprising to see a government building, the Sarawak White House, modelled after the U.S. White House. It’s an interesting influence in a deeply traditional culture.

    🔑
    Sarawak’s commitment to sustainable development extends beyond energy and forestry to cultural conservation and sports development, showing a holistic approach to progress that balances tradition, environment, and innovation.
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  • Day 7: Capsule hotel

    November 22, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ 🌧 26 °C

    * Not included in the word count.

    I tried out a capsule hotel so you don't need to. I should have read the fine print. The hotel was in the airport but did not include a toilet or shower. I had to trot through the airport in my PJs in the middle of the night to use the public toilet. However, the bed was cosy and I had a good night sleep.Read more

  • Day 8: Brunei

    November 23, 2025 in Brunei ⋅ ⛅ 27 °C

    *Not included in the word count.
    I arrived in Brunei and could immediately see the difference in wealth of the country. Outside my hotel was a porsche and new BMW. The infrastructure was clean and modern. I strolled down the street to see the sultan's mosque by night and had dinner at a night market.Read more

  • Day 9: Brunei wetlands

    November 24, 2025 in Brunei ⋅ ⛅ 28 °C

    *Not included in the wordcount.

    I took a boat tour around the water village.
    This is where tradition meets modern. The traditional stilt houses are decked out with modern televisions and amenities. Several schools, high schools and universities are in the village, all serviced by school boat. A fleet of cleaners scour to river and wetlands each day to remove any rubbish.

    The wetlands are teeming with life within minutes of the city and village. Baby crocodiles, egrets, and hundreds of proboscis monkeys are living alongside the village.

    The Sultan offers each new family in Brunei a new stilt house in the village for a heavily subsidised price of around $20K. The residents pay no taxes and most work in the oil and gas industry of Brunei.

    The Sultan of Brunei also happens to be on the Board of Shell, owns 7000 cars and is one of the wealthiest people in the world. The mosques have domes of solid gold.

    I visited the customs oil and gas museum which shows the history of Brunei's relatively young main industry. The first floor shows a simple trading life before oil and gas and then the discovery. The next floor describes the wonders of oil and gas including the bowser of knowledge. I was concerned that this reliance on fossil fuels would means that Brunei would not be interested in combatting climate change. However the final floor of the museum was about the future of Brunei and was all about their goals for a transition to 70% renewable energy. I don't know if this was just for show but it appeared to be a strong commitment.
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  • The Batu Cave Stories

    November 24, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ 🌧 26 °C

    On the way to the Batu Caves on Day 1, our guide Nelson briefly told us some Hindu/Tamil stories about the gods worshipped at the Batu Caves. Lord Murugan, is the giant gold statue at the entrance to the caves which was unfortunately covered in scaffolding at the time of the visit. Lord Ganesha, was his brother.

    The wise mango
    Murugan and Ganesha’s parents (Shiva and Parvati) decided to gift the wise mango to the wisest of their sons. They gave them the test of circling the world the fastest. Murugan set off on a peacock to speedily fly around the world. Ganesha decided to walk around his parents, saying “To me, my parents are my world”. The parents declared Ganesha the wisest and Murugan stormed off in a huff to live in the Batu Caves.

    Ganesha, The Lord of Removing Obstacles
    Shiva was often away for work. While he was gone, Pavati decided to create a boy, Ganesha, to guard her while she bathes. When Shiva returned home the boy would not let him in and so Shiva chopped off his head. Pavati, upset, demands that Shiva find the first living thing he sees to replace their son’s head. It happens to be an elephant. Ganesha is revived and becomes the Lord of removing obstacles and is worshipped at the Batu Caves.

    Murugan, The Lord of War
    A monster was terrorising the people and they asked Shiva for help. Shiva used his energy to great a spear which he gave to his son Muruga. Muruga led the gods into battle and defeated the monster and became the Lord of War. This story is celebrated at the Batu Caves every year by the Tamil people.
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  • The Fourth Story

    November 24, 2025 in Malaysia ⋅ 🌧 26 °C

    *Bonus story - Not included in the word count

    The Legend of Where the Monkeys Go When It Rains

    Long ago before there were temples and steps carved into the Batu Caves, lively clans of monkeys lived in the jungle and limestone cliffs beneath the caves. There were macaques, silver leaf, proboscis and orangutans coexisting harmoniously with their unique blend of influences and rich cultural diversity. They were clever, curious and full of ideas but every time the monsoon rolled in, they faced the same dilemma. Where would they go when it rains?

    The caves were warm and dry, but the way to get there was full of slippery limestone boulders and swaying dangerous trees. The monkeys were full of great ideas but terrible at execution. They had seen white hairless strangers come to their country and build infrastructure with their resources. One silver leaf tried to imitate the idea of stacking stone blocks, like the strangers did, to reach the cave. A proboscis suggested using iron to make a bridge. The orangutans attempted to organise themselves like the strangers’ leaders, but this led to the monkeys being divided and not working together. The stone blocks fell and there wasn’t enough iron as the strangers had sent it away on ships.

    One day, as the worst monsoon they’d ever seen was approaching, an old macaque elder climbed to the highest ledge. She had watched the monkey clans suffer in the rain, she’d seen the strangers take what they want, and she’d watched the clans forget the wisdom of their ancestors. With a small but commanding voice she spoke to all the monkeys, and they all gathered around her in silence.

    “We are not the strangers who came in ships. We are not our ancestors who lived before us. However, we must learn from both”
    She told them that their ancestors knew they must only cut the bamboo when the weather was dry and the bamboo was strongest; and that palms could be weaved to make strong roofs that lasted through storms. She said the strangers showed them ways of building stronger, bigger and planning for the future. If they blended that wisdom, they will create something that is truly their own.

    So, the monkeys used their traditional knowledge to pick the best bamboo and safest cliffs. They used techniques from the strangers to reinforce their paths and roofs. They used their own innovation to design and create sheltered ledges, paths and bridges from the jungle to the caves. For the first time the ideas matched the execution. When the monsoon came the monkeys swiftly disappeared through their sheltered pathways to safety.

    Now, when people visit the Batu Caves, at the first sign of rain, they see the monkeys vanish using the same shelters and paths of their forefathers. And if you listen very carefully you can hear the voice of the wise old macaque, reprimanding her favourite nephew for being late and reminding him that to grow sustainably, a nation must do more than dream. It must honour its roots, learn from others and build its own way with courage, passion and each other.
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    Trip end
    November 25, 2025