Japan 2025

A "geisha in training" is known as a maiko (in Kyoto) or hangyoku (in other Japanese cities). These young women, typically between 15 and 20 years old, live and train in a geisha house, dedicating their time to learning traditional arts like dancing, playing instruments like the shamisen, singing, and the tea ceremony. Their rigorous training lasts for several years, after which they become fully qualified geisha (or geiko in Kyoto).
Maiko and Hangyoku Training
What they learn: Maiko and hangyoku learn to perform songs, dances, and play traditional instruments, with the shamisen (a three-stringed instrument) being central to their performances. They also train in the tea ceremony and develop sophisticated conversational skills.
Daily life: They live in a communal geisha house, or okiya, and are supported by their "mother" (the okami-san) in exchange for their earnings. They are also required to follow strict rules, such as not being allowed to use cell phones, date, or carry money.
Appearance: Maiko and hangyoku are recognizable by their elaborate hairstyles and colorful kimonos, with their appearance changing as they progress in their training and gain more experience.
Progression: The apprenticeship can last for several years, typically around five years, until the maiko is considered mature enough and has mastered her arts. At this point, she will then be given the title of geiko (in Kyoto) or geisha.
Key Differences: Maiko/Hangyoku vs. Geiko/Geisha
The primary differences between a geisha in training and a full-fledged geisha lie in their age, skills, and appearance.
Age and Experience: Maiko and hangyoku are young apprentices, while geiko and geisha are fully qualified professional entertainers.
Skills: An apprentice's skills are still developing, whereas a fully qualified geisha has refined her talents to a sophisticated level.
Appearance: The intricate hairstyles, ornate kanzashi (hair ornaments), and long obi (sash) worn by a maiko are a key part of their identity as a trainee. A geiko's hair and makeup are simpler, often involving a wig, and their overall appearance is more mature.Read more