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Prussian-Poland Tour
  • Pat Schultz
  • Pat Schultz

Prussian-Poland Tour

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  • Pat SchultzPrussian-Poland TourViajero

    Manor in Koszuty

    19 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 50 °F

    https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwór_w_Koszutach

    Manor in Koszuty - a historic manor in the village of Koszuty in the Greater Poland Voivodeship . It is now the seat of the Średzka Museum .

    History
    The manor was built around 1760, probably for Józef Zabłocki. It was built on a rectangular plan with corner alcoves. A one-story building with a residential attic, oriented at eleven o'clock, i.e. with the front elevation facing south, with a slight deviation to the east. Mansion built on a skeleton structure of larch, filled with clay, on an oak foundation with fragments of brick masonry: chimneys and a semi-circular projection of the living room. The main body of the manor house was covered with a mansard type broken roof. The alcoves were covered with domed roofs. Until 1902, the manor was covered with shingles, later with black tiles. In 1983, the roof was restored with shingle. In the 2nd half In the 19th century, a wooden veranda was probably added to the entrance door, which also emphasized the building's symmetry. The manor was plastered.

    The main entrance led through the veranda and hallway to the representative oval salon, located centrally. Two rooms were placed on the right and left side of the hall and living room. In the gable parts of the building, two different alcoves (front and garden) were erected at various times along with inter- alcove extensions. The interior is arranged in a regular and symmetrical manner. In two rows of rooms ( routes ) internal communication was carried out in an enfilade arrangement. The treatment staircase was placed in the hallway. The rooms on the second floor repeat the symmetrical plan of the ground floor.

    The current appearance of the manor is a consequence of the reconstruction carried out in 1902. The shape of the garden alcoves was changed and small frontal alcoves were added. The permanent exhibition "Small landed gentry in Wielkopolska" repeated functionally in terms of function. The exhibition rooms are equipped with furniture, everyday objects and paintings from the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, reflecting the realities of the apartment from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.

    In the vicinity of the manor there is an outbuilding probably dating from the mid-nineteenth century. It once housed a kitchen, guest rooms and an office.    Leer más

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  • Pat SchultzPrussian-Poland TourViajero

    Collegiate Church of St. Virgin Mary

    19 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ☀️ 54 °F

    Collegiate Church of St. Virgin Mary of the Assumption in Środa Wielkopolska

    https://www.poland.travel/en/monuments/collegia…

    Collegiate in Środa Wielkopolska is still a great example of Gothic buildings, which arouses interest of tourists from all over Europe.

    The most remarkable monument of Środa Wielkopolska is the parish Church of St. Virgin Mary of the Assumption. It was built between 1423-1428 on the site of the old, wooden Church from the thirteenth century. The Church is “oriented”, which means that the presbytery is directed to the East. The presbytery and the eastern wall is adjacent to the rectangular vesrty from the north. On the other side of the presbytery there is an octagonal chapel of St. Trinity, called also the chapel of Gostomscy, after the name of its founders. The whole building is dominated by the tall, six-floor tower, which is adorned with attic. This is a reconstruction of the original, Renaissance finials, made in 1926. The oldest pieces of collegiate furnishing, are originating from the beginning of the sixteenth century and they are: the group of the Crucifixion on the rood beam, canons stalls, arranged on either side of the presbytery and the tombstone of Ambroży Pampowski (d. 1510).    Leer más

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  • Pat SchultzPrussian-Poland TourViajero

    Milicz

    19 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ☀️ 59 °F

    We then headed for the town of Milicz, associated with my Schultz (Schulz) ancestors.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milicz

    Milicz [ˈmilit͡ʂ] (German: Militsch) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of Milicz County, and of the smaller administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Milicz.

    Geography
    The town is situated in the historic Lower Silesia region, near the border with Greater Poland. The centre is located on the Barycz river, about 55 kilometres (34 mi) north of the regional capital Wrocław. From 1975–98 Milicz belonged to Wrocław Voivodeship.

    The Milicz Ponds, an important habitat and breeding ground for water birds, are a nature reserve established 1963 and protected under the Ramsar convention. Since 1996 they also formed part of a larger protected area known as the Barycz Valley Landscape Park.

    As at 2006, the town has a population of 12,004.

    History
    Milicz developed as route of the ancient Amber Trade Route known as the Amber Road. A settlement at the site was possibly established in the 11th century. Milich Castle was first mentioned in an 1136 deed by Pope Innocent II as a property of the cathedral chapter of the Diocese of Wrocław. The name possibly refers to a legendary founder or is derived from Polish: miły, "pleasant", "friendly". It is listed as a possession of the Polish Archdiocese of Gniezno in an 1154 deed issued by Pope Adrian IV, it is later also mentioned under the Latin name Milicium in a 1249 document by Duke Przemysł I of Greater Poland. The Polish name Mylicz first appeared in the Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis (Book of endowments of the Bishopric of Wrocław) manuscript written about 1305 at the behest of Bishop Henry of Wierzbnej.

    Ruins of Milicz Castle
    Upon the death of Prince Bolesław III Wrymouth in 1138, Milicz became part of the Polish Duchy of Silesia, ruled by Duke Bolesław I the Tall from 1163, and was the seat of a castellany. The citizens received town privileges in 1245. In 1294 the area was conquered by Duke Henry III of Głogów and from 1313 belonged to the Silesian Duchy of Oels (Oleśnica), which itself became a Bohemian fiefdom in 1329. In 1358 the Wrocław bishops finally sold their Milicz estates to the Piast duke Konrad I, whose successors had a Gothic castle built. The Oleśnica dukes held the town until in 1492 the line became extinct and the duchy was finally seized as an expired fief by the Bohemian Crown. In 1494 King Vladislas II of Bohemia granted Milicz to his chamberlain Sigismund Kurzbach, who installed the autonomous Silesian state country of Milicz and Żmigród (Trachenberg). The Milicz part was acquired by the Maltzan noble family in 1590.

    Militsch was conquered by the Kingdom of Prussia upon the First Silesian War in 1742, and was part of the German Empire from 1871.

    After Germany's defeat in World War I, Poland re-emerged as an independent country, and Milicz was close to the new border.

    After the Red Army's Vistula–Oder Offensive, Milicz became part of the Republic of Poland in 1945 after Nazi Germany's final defeat in World War II.

    Sights

    St Andrew Bobola Church
    Milicz is the site of one of the six Churches of Grace, which the Silesian Protestants were allowed to build with the permission of Habsburg emperor Joseph I, also King of Bohemia, given at the Altranstädt Convention of 1707. The half-timbered house of worship finished in 1714 today serves as Catholic parish church dedicated to Saint Andrew Bobola.

    Milicz Palace
    The castle of the Oleśnica Dukes erected in the 14th century was destroyed in World War II. The Maltzahn dynasty left a Late Baroque-Neoclassical palace erected in 1798 with an English garden, the first in Silesia. Since 1963 the building is the seat of a secondary forestry college.    Leer más

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  • Pat SchultzPrussian-Poland TourViajero

    Blessed Virgin Mary of Czêstochowa

    19 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ☀️ 57 °F

    My Schulz ancestors also had a connection to this church which was Lutheran prior to being turned over to the Catholic church.

    Roman Catholic church Of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Czêstochowa

    https://zabytek.pl/en/obiekty/sulow-kosciol-ewa…

    The church in Sułów, along with its counterpart in Pawłów Trzebnicki, is one of the few surviving wattle-and-daub, octagonal Evangelical churches erected in Silesia during the second half of the 18th century.

    History

    The church was erected in years 1765-66 at the initiative of Sylvius von Burghaus and his wife Sophia von Burghaus née von Kalckreuth, who also provided the necessary funds. It was consecrated in 1767, while the sacristy was added much later, in 1846. In 1930 and 1934 the lower section of the walls has been partially redone, with the original structure being replaced with sturdy masonry; additional reinforcements have also been added to the supporting timber frame. Later on, the church underwent a comprehensive restoration in years 1965-66.

    Description

    The church, designed in the Baroque style, is a timber-framed building; the lower sections of its walls as well as the entire sacristy, however, are made of brick. All walls of the church are covered with plaster. The aisleless, central plan church was designed on an elongated octagonal floor plan, with entrances from the west, north and south; it is covered with a multi-pitched mansard roof topped with a bulbous steeple with a roof lantern and cupola on top. The nave is covered by a false cupola ceiling made of wooden boards and incorporating faux coffering; the central dome is surrounded by two-storey galleries supported by wooden posts. The main altarpiece was created somewhere around the year 1765 and originally featured an integrated pulpit.

    In the burial ground near the church there is a free-standing wooden bell tower - a post-and-beam structure erected in 1821, with a brick ground floor section added at the time when the bell tower was being converted into a cemetery chapel in 1939.

    Limited access to the historic building.    Leer más

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  • Pat SchultzPrussian-Poland TourViajero

    Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga, Trzebnica

    19 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ☀️ 55 °F

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanctuary_of_St._…

    Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga in Trzebnica, also known as Trzebnica Abbey, is a convent for Cistercian nuns in Trzebnica, north of Wrocław, in Silesia, Poland, founded in 1203. It was abandoned for a few decades in the 19th century, and then was taken over by the Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo in 1889.

    History
    The abbey was established by the Silesian Piast duke Henry I the Bearded and his wife Saint Hedwig of Andechs (Polish: Święta Jadwiga Śląska), confirmed by Pope Innocent III. The legend of its foundation relates that once Duke Henry when out hunting fell into a swamp from which he could not extricate himself. In return for the rescue from this perilous position, he vowed to build the abbey. With Hedwig's consent, her brother Ekbert of Andechs, then Bishop of Bamberg, chose the first nuns that occupied the convent. The first abbess was Petrussa from Kitzingen Abbey; she was followed by Gertrude, the daughter of Hedwig. The abbey was richly endowed with lands by Duke Henry. When Hedwig became a widow in 1238, she went to live at Trzebnica and was buried there.

    Up to 1515, the abbesses were first princesses of the Piast dynasty and afterwards members of the nobility. It is said that towards the end of the thirteenth century the nuns numbered 120. The abbey also became a mausoleum of many rulers of the fragmented Silesian Piasts. In 1672 there were 32 nuns and 6 lay sisters, in 1805 there were 23 nuns and 6 lay sisters. The abbey suffered from all kinds of misfortunes both in the Middle Ages and later: from famine in 1315, 1338, 1434, and 1617, from disastrous fires in 1413, 1432, 1464, 1486, 1505, 1595, and 1782. At the Protestant Reformation, most of the nuns were Poles, as were the majority until during the eighteenth century.[citation needed] The abbey of Trebnitz suffered so greatly during the Thirty Years War that the nuns fled across the border on the territory of the mostly unaffected Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, as they did again in 1663 when the Turks threatened Silesia.

    In 1742, in the aftermath of the First Silesian War and the Treaty of Breslau, Trebnitz found itself under the governance of Protestant Prussia and started to suffer from political discrimination. The last abbess, Dominica von Giller, died on 17 August 1810, and on 11 November 1810, the abbey was suppressed and secularized by order of King Frederick William III. The building, which was very extensive, was sold later and turned into a cloth factory. In late 19th century, the ruined abbey was bought by Knights Hospitaller and later by female order of Sisters of St. Charles Borromeo as a hospital conducted by the sisters.

    Abbey church
    The church, a basilica with pillars in the late Romanesque style, to which Baroque additions were made from 1741. It features several paintings with scenes from the life of St. Hedwig by Michael Willmann. After the secularisation of the abbey, it became the Trebnitz parish church.

    The grave of St. Hedwig is located in a chapel to the right of the high altar, donated by her grandson Archbishop Ladislaus of Salzburg in 1267. The grave of Duke Henry I, her husband, is in front of the altar.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedwig_of_Silesia

    Hedwig of Silesia (Polish: Święta Jadwiga Śląska), also Hedwig of Andechs (German: Heilige Hedwig von Andechs, Latin: Hedvigis; 1174 – 15 October 1243), a member of the Bavarian comital House of Andechs, was Duchess of Silesia from 1201 and of Greater Poland from 1231 as well as High Duchess consort of Poland from 1232 until 1238. She was reported in the two-volume historical atlas of Herman Kinder and another author to have been great in war and defended from the Teutonic Knights. She was canonized by the Catholic Church in 1267 by Pope Clement IV.    Leer más

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    Museum Regionaire

    19 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ☀️ 55 °F

    http://ziemiatrzebnicka.pl/muzeum-regionalne/

    In 1969, the Society of Lovers of the Earth of Trzebnica organized a number of events and meetings related to the organization of life in Trzebnica in the first years after World War II. The aftermath of these meetings was the collection of a large collection of documents, photos and objects that became the basis for organizing in 1979 the Chamber of National Remembrance at the Town Hall in Trzebnica.
    In 1990, after collecting many new documents and exhibits, the National Remembrance Chamber was transformed into a Regional Museum. Photos and documents were exhibited in the town hall, e.g. a list of streets in Polish and German, information on the creation of the first schools, offices, and cultural institutions. There was shown the first issue of the newspaper "Brzask", press notes about the first cultural events, about the launch of the first cafe, cinema, post office. There was also a photo exhibition of Rafał Eysymontta presenting Trzebnica from the beginning of the 20th century, Trzebnica prints from the 18th and 19th century, copies of many important documents and medieval seals, among others Duchess Jadwiga, Silesian dukes, the Trzebnica monastery, the first seals of the city of Trzebnica and seals of Wrocław bishops. Among them is the document from 1203,
    In May 1998, in the only tenement from the 18th century survived after the war - "Under the Golden Sun" thanks to the support of the Town Hall and Commune of Trzebnica, the Regional Museum found a new seat - on the ground floor of the building - Rynek 8. The collection was enriched with full documentation of sensational discoveries dr. Jan Michał Burdukiewicz, showing traces of Homo Erectus's stay from the area of Winna Góra (Kociej Góra) from 500,000 years ago, from the time when primitive people did not know the fire. Archaeological excavations in Trzebnica testify to the fact that in the area of Winna Góra (Kociej Góra) there was about 500,000 years ago the collection and hunting group Homo erectus. These are the oldest traces of man's stay in Poland! Flint tools were found here for e.g. chopping bones, wood and cutting meat. Among them there are often very carefully made scrapers, cutters,
    A permanent exhibition at the museum is a display case with exhibits borrowed from the Archaeological Museum of Wrocław with items found in these areas from the Middle Ages. The cabinet also contains original pilgrim canteens from the 13th century, with which pilgrims went to the grave of the Duchess of Silesia - Saint. Jadwiga. The museum's collections include many exhibitions on the city's history and monuments, including Rafał Eysymontt photo exhibition presenting Trzebnica from the beginning of the 20th century, graphics from Trzebnica from the 18th and 19th centuries, exhibition dedicated to pioneers of the Trzebnica region and narrow-gauge railway, photo exhibitions - "Treasures of the Trzebnica region" - with photographs by Marcin Mazurkiewicz, latest finds from area of the city, archaeologists Bogdan Bobowski and Sławomir Górka - fragments of ceramic vessels, pipe bowls, fragments of stove tiles. The museum has a modest collection of "trzebnicki" - all editions of "Brzasku", books about history and works of art and architecture in Trzebnica, many TMZT publications, many books of priest. prof. Antoni Kiełbasa and Jerzy B. kos and publications published by the Lower Silesian Social and Cultural Association in Wrocław. In addition, we have a data bank in the form of an electronic record on CDs about monuments, people, events and events from the Trzebnica poviat. We have about 100 postcards from former Trzebnica and contemporary Trzebnica postcards issued a few years ago. A few exhibits were offered by Grzegorz Janowski from Trzebnica: pipe heads, made of clay, porcelain figurine of Saint. Jadwiga, ink drawing - Saint. Jadwiga by Karol Stobiecki and copperplate with the image of Saint. Jadwiga - patrons of Silesia.
    At the exhibition, you can now also see city plans, a modern city map, a large panorama of Trzebnica (view from Kociej Góra), a board about the founders of the basilica and monastery of Trzebnica - Saint. Jadwiga and Henry the Bearded; You can read the most important dates from the city's history.
    The museum is frequently visited by schoolchildren from Trzebnica and nearby cities and villages as well as tourists, also by the Germans - former residents of Trzebnica. Materials, publications, books and newspapers are also used by students who prepare their MA and PhD theses. The museum is systematically expanding its collections with new exhibits. You can read one of the monographs: "Trzebnica. Outline of the city's development over the centuries "and the Historical Atlas of Polish Cities - Trzebnica".    Leer más

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    Panorama of the Battle of Racławice

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 54 °F

    https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/panorama-racla…

    The painting present the Battle of Racławice in April 1794, in which Poles won over Russians. The monumental picture is 114m long and 15m high.

    It was the idea of Jan Styka, a painter from Lvov, who invited among others Wojciech Kossak, Tadeusz Popiel, Teodor Axentowicz, Włodzimierz Tetmajer to work on the painting.

    The work took 9 months to finish. A rotunda with Panorama of the Battle of Racławice (Panorama Racławicka), built in Stryjeński Park, became one of the attractions of Lvov.

    The technology applied by the authors can be compared to the contemporary 3D technology. Special, panoramic perspective, lighting and scenography constructed in front of the picture make it look multidimensional.    Leer más

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    St. Mary Magdalene Church, Wrocław

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 55 °F

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Mary_Magdalen…

    St. Mary Magdalene Church is a gothic church located between Szewska and Laciarska street close to the central market square, established in the 13th century. Currently it is a cathedral of the Polish Catholic Church led by Piotr Mikolajczak.On the 21.10.1523, the first Lutheran services in Breslau were held here.

    During the Second World War the church was seriously damaged. In 1945 the legendary Sinner's Bell, which was the biggest Silesian bell, was also damaged. St Mary Magdalene was rebuilt during the period 1947-1953.

    The most precious relic of the church is a Romanesque portal dating from the 12th century, coming from a Benedictine monastery in Ołbin that had been torn down in the 16th century.

    The bridge connecting the two towers is called the "Mostek Czarownic" (Witches’ Bridge). A legend says that the shadows visible on the bridge are the souls of the girls who used to seduce men without wanting to be married, being scared of housekeeping. Indeed shadows represent women with brooms in their hands.

    https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/cathedral-of-s…

    Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalene (Katedra św. Marii Magdaleny) is one of the oldest temples in the city. Built in the years 1226-1232, it was the first parish church, gathering the then German colonists.

    The today’s Gothic, eight-arch, three-nave brick basilica was built in the years 1355-1360 and was the main church of the city. Before 1488 two western towers were finished, which, at first, were connected - “penitential bridge”, also called “witches’ bridge” (today’s viewpoint). It was said then that it was the highest bridge in Silesia since it is at the height of 52m. Built before 1459, for centuries it served as a scene for orchestras and this is where the fireworks were displayed during important city events. On the night of 22 and 23 March 1887, on the occasion of the 90. birthday of Kaiser Wilhelm I, the fireworks set the fire to the northern tower.

    Two rows of chapels were built in 15th and 16th century. In the years 1525-1945 it belonged to the Evangelical Church, now it is a cathedral of the Polish Catholic Church.

    Two monumental 72-metre towers were finished in the 50s of the 15th century. In 1481 there were already covered with tent roofs.

    The importance of the temple in Middle Ages is underlined by the fact that in 1356 the emperor Charles IV gave it the relic of Mary Magdalene, a thorn from the crown of Christ and a splinter of the Holy Cross. On receiving of the gift, bishop Przecław announced an indulgence.

    on 25 October 1523 a Protestant clergyman Jan Hess started the first Lutheran service in Wrocław. Since then and until 1945 the church - with St. Elisabeth and St. Bernard churches - was one of the most important places of Evangelical Church.

    During the last war the church was destroyed in 70% - lost almost all the roofs, southern nave ceilings, choir over the entrance and northern tower ceiling. Also most of the furniture and decorations were destroyed. To add up to that, on 18 May 1945, after the capitulation of the Germans, there was an explosion of the ammunition stored in the southern tower. Three walls collapsed and the façade with the main portal were severely damaged. The reconstruction started in 1946.    Leer más

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    Market Square, Wrocław

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 57 °F

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_Square,_Wr…

    The Market Square, Wrocław (Polish: Rynek we Wrocławiu, German: Großer Ring zu Breslau) is a medieval market square in Wrocław, in southwestern Poland. The square is rectangular with the dimensions 213 by 178 metres (699 ft × 584 ft) and now serves as a pedestrian zone. It is one of the largest market squares in Europe, with the largest two city halls in the country.

    The buildings around the square are built according to different styles: the middle part (German: Tritt) of the ring is occupied by a block of buildings consisting of the Old City Hall, the New City Hall as well as numerous citizens' houses. The market square is an urban ensemble with the two diagonally contiguous areas - the Salt Market and the square in front of St. Elisabeth's Church. Eleven streets lead to the market: two to each corner, two narrow lanes and an opened outside square, Kurzy Targ "Chicken Market".

    The market was founded according to Magdeburg law as early as the rule of Polish Duke Henry I the Bearded between 1214 and 1232. Over time, the patricians' houses appeared and by the middle of the 14th century they had formed a closed construction with the limits of the plots defined.

    In the 19th century the square was connected to the tram lines, at first a horse-drawn system, but after 1892 electric.

    During World War II, the market square was damaged, however, most of the buildings remained intact and were carefully restored.

    Through to the end of the 1970s, vehicles were able to drive through along an east–west axis. Between 1996 and 2000 the square was resurfaced, while the east side, the last to be accessible to cars, was pedestrianised.

    There are now 60 numbered plots on the market square, with some buildings occupying several. The limits of the plots often follow lines different from those first laid out since estates were often merged and divided in the late Middle Ages. Each property has a traditional name, usually associated with the coat of arms visible on the facade or related to the history of the house itself, for instance Under the Griffins, Under the Blue Sun and Old Town Hall (tenement house, which collects the city council before the construction of the first town hall; now there is a McDonald).

    Buildings on the middle square

    Market Square in 1900, then called Breslauer Ring

    Wrocław Old City Hall in 1945
    The inner block stands with an alignment which varies by 7° from that of the outline of the square and surrounding street plan. The reason for this variation has not been established conclusively.

    A prominent element of the block is the late-Gothic Old City Hall, located on its southern side. The structure is one of the city's most recognisable landmarks, particularly for its distinctive eastern facade. To the Old Town Hall is adjacent New Town Hall, built in the years 1860-1864.

    At the turn of the 19th and 20th century, two-thirds of buildings in the middle of the square, were demolished and replaced by offices and retail establishments designed in Historicism and Modern styles.

    During the World War II although much of the city was destroyed or damaged, the market did not suffer much damage. The square was restored according to the way it looked in the late 18th century, using Baroque and Classicism styles.[1]

    In the buildings on the middle square there are three parallel small streets (Sukiennice, Przejście Żelaźnicze, Przejście Garncarskie) and one perpendicular to them (Zaułek Jerzego Grotowskiego).

    East side
    The east side was historically known as the "Green Pipe Side" (German: Grüne-Rohr-Seite), referring to the verdigris on the copper gutters and downpipes. Its name in Polish is Strona Zielonej Trzciny ("Green Reed Side"). Opposite the main facade of the Town Hall, the east side comprises the houses no. 29 through 41. Notable buildings include the old Barasch Brothers' Department Store, now Feniks Department Store (street no. 29-41).

    West side
    In 1931, on the west side of the Market Square, at location tenement houses 9 to 11, Germans built (designed by Heinrich Rump), arousing controversy to this day a high office building (now the headquarters of Bank Zachodni WBK, formerly the seat of MPK Wrocław).    Leer más

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    St. Elizabeth's Church, Wrocław

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 59 °F

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Elizabeth's_C…

    St. Elizabeth's Church of the Catholic Third Order of Saint Francis is a Gothic church in Wrocław, Poland. It is one of the most iconic structures of the city's panorama.

    Between 1525 and 1945, it was the principal Protestant church in Breslau.

    History
    The structure dates back to the 14th century, when construction was commissioned by the city. The main tower was originally 130 meters tall. From 1525 until 1946, St. Elizabeth's was the chief Lutheran Church of Breslau and Silesia and the principal congregation of the Evangelical Church of Prussia in Breslau. In 1946 it was expropriated and given to the Military Chaplaincy of the Polish Roman Catholic Church. The church was damaged by heavy hail in 1529, and gutted by fire in 1976. The church's renowned organ was destroyed. The reconstructed main tower is now 91.5 meters tall. An observation deck near the top is open to the public. Since 1999 there is a memorial on the church property to Pastor Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a native of the city (then Breslau, Germany) and martyr to the anti-Nazi Cause.    Leer más

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    Holy Name of Jesus University Church

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 59 °F

    https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/university-church

    An early Baroque church with the neighbouring University is one of the masterpieces of architecture in Silesia, left by Jesuits. It has a main nave, matroneum and two rows of chapels.

    Beautiful illusionist pictures of Johann Michael Rottmayr on the ceilings of the church come from the years 1705-1706. The interior was made according to the designs of Christoph Tausch, a Jesuit artist. It was him, who also designed the Main Altar, created in the years 1722-1724. The artist himself painted the picture over the main altar, "Presentation of Jesus at the Temple" (8m x 3,8m).    Leer más

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    Our Lady on the Sand (Wroclaw)

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 59 °F

    http://wikimapia.org/39032/Church-of-Our-Lady-o…

    Sand Islet took its name after the church from this place which patroness was Saint Mary on the Sand. The Latin name Sancta Maria in Arena is connected with a Roman church built on the site of an earlier circus. In the Middle Ages the Polish version of the name came into use. In 1149 a monastery of Augustinians, was established here. Equipped by its generous founders, the monastery was one of the wealthiest in Wrocław. The original temple was erected here before 1148 on the initiative of Maria Włostowicowa and her son Świętosław. The brick Gothic church started to be constructed in 1334 under the supervision of Master Builder Peschel.

    In the 15th and 16th centuries, the church continued to be expanded. In 1632, during the Thirty Year's War, the church was looted by Swedish troops. The new monastery was built in stages between 1709 and 1802 on the site of the mediaeval one. During the Seven Year's War the Prussian government used the church as an ammunition depot. In 1810 the Prussian authorities secularized the monastery. The church, however, remained in the hands of the Catholic Church.

    In 1944 Hitler declared the city of Breslau a fortress. During the subsequent Soviet siege of the city the general command of the city was headquartered in the evacuated church and monastery. As a result, the building sustained heavy damange, and the entire Baroque interior of the church burned to ash, including paintings by Michael Willmann, a large organ and a pulpit by Franz Joseph Mangoldt.

    The reconstruction returned the church to its original, severe Gothic architecture, as the Baroque fittings of the 17th century were considered too German by the Communist government. Most of the interior fixtures of the church were taken from other destroyed churches and from the Archdiocesan Museum. New stained glass windows were created by the Warsaw-based artist Teresa Reklawska in 1968. The 16th-century Victory Madonna in the church was a gift from the city of Mariampol in the Ukraine and was the first piece installed in the reconstructed church.    Leer más

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  • Pat SchultzPrussian-Poland TourViajero

    Cathedral of St. John Baptist

    20 de septiembre de 2019, Polonia ⋅ ⛅ 61 °F

    https://visitwroclaw.eu/en/place/cathedral-of-s…

    Its history begins with the Congress of Gniezno when in 1000 three dioceses were created: wrocławska, krakowska and kołobrzeska.

    Cathedral of St. John Baptist (Katedra Wrocławska, Archikatedra pw. św. Jana Chrzciciela we Wrocławiu) was destroyed many times. Rebuilt in 1951, it was consecrated by Archbishop Stefan Wyszyński, Primate of Poland.

    Inside the cathedral we can admire precious statues and paintings: a triptych Dormition of Mary from 1552 (transported from Lubin), a pulpit (1723), oaken stall from 1662-1665 and many tombstones from Middle Ages, Mannerism and Baroque. The cathedral has 21 chapels, among which are: St. Elisabeth (1680-1686) and Electors’ Chapel (1716-1721), a work of an architect from Vienna, J. B. Frischer von Erlach.

    On the top of the tower there is a viewpoint where it is possible to get with the lift.    Leer más

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