Qanats

Qanats are underground water channels bringing water into desert areas. The technology is at least 3,000 years old and believed to have originated on Iran.
These photos are of the 2,500 year old Zarch Qanat, a UNESCO site and the longest in the world at well over 70 kilometers.
The 1st picture is the entrance that was built to access the water wheel in the 2nd picture. Grain was carried down, milled and flour brought back up.
The 3rd picture is a schematic showing how the qanats work. An aquifer would be identified. Once tested for adequacy and depth, the channel was dug from the bottom to the aquifer. The 4th picture is in a typical channel.
Between the aquifer and the exit point, water was accessed by walking down stairs to the tunnel. One such access is in the 5th picture.Baca lagi