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Linda Frandsen
Linda Frandsen

Linda Frandsen

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  • Linda FrandsenEgypt 2024Linda Frandsen
    Statue of King Akhenaten and his wife Kiya(?)Baboon StatueHawkSacred Ram

    Egyptian Museum 2

    16. november 2024, Egypt ⋅ ☀️ 77 °F

    Statue of King Akhenaten and his wife Kiya(?)
    Although the statue is unfinished, it is on of the masterpieces of this period. It depicts King Akhenaten holding his second wife Kiya (?) on his knee. The king sits on a stool wearing the blue crown (Khepresh), while his wife wears a wig and has her head turned affectionately towards her husband. This statue portrays a moment that was represented only in the Amara period.

    Baboon Statue
    A limestone statue of a squatting baboon. Baboons were sacred to both the god Thoth and the sun god. They were associated with solar dieties because in nature baboons rise up and greet the sun with upraised arms and cries, which led the ancient Egyptians to believe that they were praising the sun god, Re.

    Hawk
    This giant Hawk is actually hollow and once contained raptor mummies. He was inscribed with texts, which are obscured under the heavy coating of sacred oils that were poured over the image on ritual occasions. Hawks, falcons, and eagles were all associated with different aspects of Re, the solar god.

    Sacred Ram
    This mummy belongs to a ram that was worshipped as the incarnation of the god Khnum at Elephantine. The head and foreparts are adorned in painted and gilded cartonnage, and it is crowned with a wooden area crown. Amulets were scattered over the body. It was completely eviscerated, and the body cavity was filled with linen. The condition of the skeleton indicates it died when it was very old.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenEgypt 2024Linda Frandsen
    False Door of Shepsi, Prophet of Horus over seer of the scribesHead of King UserkafSeated Statues of Rahotep and NofretPainted Relief from Tomb Wall Depicting a Sports CompetitionSeated ScribePainted Limestone Head of Queen Hatshepsut

    Egyptian Museum 1

    16. november 2024, Egypt ⋅ ☀️ 75 °F

    False Door of Shepsi, Prophet of Horus Overseer of the Scribes
    A statue of Shepsi was placed in front of this false door. The deceased’s statue was an important cult place because visitors made offerings of food and drinks in front of it. The statue bears some of the titles of Shepsi incised on the base: royal acquantance, scribe of the divine book of Ptah, Shepsi.

    Head of King Userkaf
    Userkaf was the first king of the 5th Dynasty under whose reign the cult of the sun god Ra began to gain unprecedented importance. He chose to build a new type of temple, dedicated to the cult of the sun, at Abusir, a few kilometers north of Saqqara. He was the first king to initiate building activity at Abusir. This statue head, found in his sun-temple, represents him wearing the red crown of Lower Egypt. When it was discovered, it was first attributed to the goddess Neith of Sais.

    Seated Statues of Rahotep and Nofret
    Rahotep and his consort Nofret represented seated on white cube-shaped thrones. Painted onto the back of the thrones are the couple’s names and titles in black hieroglyphs. Rahotep is identified as ‘king’s son, of his body, Rahotep.’ Combined with the location of Rahotep’s tomb north of king Sneferu’s, this suggests that he was Sneferu’s son, and the brother of Khufu, the owner of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Nofret is identified as an acquaintance, demonstrating her closeness to the king. The statues show personal traits conveyed in a traditional way. Rahotep and Nofret are depicted as youthful, the idealized form they wanted foe eternity, but still showing physical characteristics, celebrating their individuality.

    Painted Relief from Tomb Wall Depicting a Sports Competition
    The private tombs of the Old Kingdom frequently contained scenes of daily life, games, and sports. This relief shows a sporting fight between boatmen aboard three small boats on a river full of water lilies.

    Seated Scribe
    The Egyptian title for scribe is ‘sesh’. Scribes recorded the stocks of foods, court proceedings, wills, and other legal documents, tax records,and all of the things that happened in everyday life. Scribes were near the top of the social pyramid. The statue shows an unknown scribe in the traditional position in ancient Egyptian art—seated in a cross-legged pose, with a papyrus scroll over his knees. The right hand was intended to grip a stylus or reed and is balanced over the open papyrus in the act of writing.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenEgypt 2024Linda Frandsen
    Sarcophagus LidStatue of a Kneeling KingSeated Statue of King KhasekhemStatue of a QueenKneeling Statue of HetepdiefSeated Statue of King Djoser. Oldest known life-size statueTriads of KingMenkaure, the goddess Hathor, and the Theban-nome god/the jackal-nome goddessRelief of King Sahure with superimposed Coptic inscription

    Egyptian Museum

    16. november 2024, Egypt ⋅ 🌙 81 °F

    The world-renowned Egyptian Museum, home to the greatest Pharaonic treasures in the world. The museum’s vast exhibits will lend context to our later discoveries as we trace the history of Egypt from Cheops to Cleopatra. After our guided tour, there will be time to reflect on Egypt’s illustrious pharaohs or wander the museum’s side rooms to glimpse the daily lives of the ancient Egyptians.

    The Egyptian Museum in Cairo is situated on the northeast of the centrally located Tahrir Square. It is one of the largest museums in the world, and the first national museum in the Middle East. It is actually the fifth building to house Egyptian antiquities, and has had a long and illustrious history until today.
    The Egyptian Museum in Cairo (EMC) is the oldest archaeological museum in the Middle East, housing over 170,000 artefacts. It has the largest collection of Pharaonic antiquities in the world.
    The Museum’s exhibits span the Pre-Dynastic Period till the Graeco-Roman Era (c. 5500 BC - AD 364).    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenEgypt 2024Linda Frandsen
    Cairo Marriott Hotel
    Cairo Marriott Hotel

    Cairo

    16. november 2024, Egypt ⋅ ☀️ 72 °F

    Cairo, perhaps to take one last stroll through the historic city. With plenty of time on your hands, you might wish to check out one of the invigorating local spas, visit the nearby Museum of Islamic Ceramics, or just relax in your room before we regroup later for dinner.Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    Qasr Al-Bint Temple Complex
    Qasr Al-Bint Temple ComplexQasr Al-Bint Temple ComplexThe TreasuryThe TreasuryThe Treasury

    Petra 3

    14. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☁️ 64 °F

    Qasr al-Bint Temple Complex

    Qasr Far’un ( Palace of the Pharoah’s Daughter) is Petra’s oldest and most venerable temple complex. Its name derives from local legends that the same pharaoh who hid his treasure in the urn of the Treasury promised his daughter’s hand in marriage to the engineer who could develop a system to bring water to the palace. Several water channels have been found near the palace.

    The monument is almost square and is set on a podium. It was the main temple of Petra and it still stands to a height of 23 meters. Qasr Al-Bint is a typical Hellenistic temple where only priest could enter inside and they may have offered animal sacrifices. It is approached by a flight of 26 marble steps, and four stucco-covered Corinthian columns between pilasters decorated the northern facade. Inside the temple, at the rear of the sanctuary, there are three compartments: the middle one protects an altar platform that hat housed images of the deity, and the two others were supplied with balcony terraces. It is believed that this temple was dedicated to to Dushara, the main Nabatean god.

    The temple is dated to the first half of the 1st century ADnand it is possible that it was a pilgrim destination.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    The Roman Theater

    Petra 2

    14. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☁️ 63 °F

    The Roman Theater
    25-125 AD: Although Petra’ s theater is Graeco-Roman in design, the complex originated with the Nabataeans. The theater may date to the early first century AD, during the reign of King Aretas IV, when Petra’s urban character took shape. It consisted of an auditorium with a semicircular orchestra and an ascending horseshoe-shaped seating area with vertical stairways divided into three levels by horizontal passageway s. It also featured a stage wall, added by the Romans which shielded the orchestra and served as a theatrical backdrop.

    The theater is striking in that it is hewn directly from the rock in one piece. It seems the Nabataeans were in such great need of an assembly area that they had to destroy some facades that were there before, as the cliff face preserves the remains of earlier tomb complexes that had been carved away to create the auditorium’s rear wall. In the absence of documentation, we ca only guess the many kinds of events that may have been held there.

    If Petra was a pilgrimage destination, the theater could have been used for pilgrims to assemble and conduct their rituals; there was an altar in the orchestra that may have been linked to this. Later during Roman times, it may have hosted theatrical and musical performances, poetry readings, athletic matches and public meetings. The theater seated 6000 people and it has been partially restored.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    Petra

    14. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 100 °F

    Set off for a full-day walking excursion through one of the most beautiful of all ancient ruins—the fabled city of Petra. Reached through a towering narrow canyon, the city is carved into the solid red sandstone cliffs, and features soaring temples, a 3,000-seat amphitheater, houses, banquet halls, churches, and tombs. It is said that Petra’s massive Treasury, with its portico and pillars, was the storeroom for the Queen of Sheba’s gifts to Solomon.

    For more than 2,000 years, the name Petra was just a mysterious sound, a name in dusty documents. Only the local Bedouin people knew of its existence, because they lived in its caves. Converted to Islam and disguised as an Arab, Swiss traveler Johann Ludwig Burckhardt found the lost city in 1812. You’ll recognize several views of Petra from the film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade.

    Petra is a famous archaeological site in Jordan's southwestern desert. Dating to around 300 B.C., it was the capital of the Nabatean Kingdom. Accessed via a narrow canyon called Al Siq, it contains tombs and temples carved into pink sandstone cliffs, earning its nickname, the "Rose City." Perhaps its most famous structure is 45m-high Al Khazneh, a temple with an ornate, Greek-style facade, and known as The Treasury.

    Brief synthesis
    Situated between the Red Sea and the Dead Sea and inhabited since prehistoric times, the rock-cut capital city of the Nabateans, became during Hellenistic and Roman times a major caravan centre for the incense of Arabia, the silks of China and the spices of India, a crossroads between Arabia, Egypt and Syria-Phoenicia. Petra is half-built, half-carved into the rock, and is surrounded by mountains riddled with passages and gorges. An ingenious water management system allowed extensive settlement of an essentially arid area during the Nabataean, Roman and Byzantine periods. It is one of the world's richest and largest archaeological sites set in a dominating red sandstone landscape.

    The Outstanding Universal Value of Petra resides in the vast extent of elaborate tomb and temple architecture; religious high places; the remnant channels, tunnels and diversion dams that combined with a vast network of cisterns and reservoirs which controlled and conserved seasonal rains, and the extensive archaeological remains including of copper mining, temples, churches and other public buildings. The fusion of Hellenistic architectural facades with traditional Nabataean rock-cut temple/tombs including the Khasneh, the Urn Tomb, the Palace Tomb, the Corinthian Tomb and the Deir ("monastery") represents a unique artistic achievement and an outstanding architectural ensemble of the first centuries BC to AD. The varied archaeological remains and architectural monuments from prehistoric times to the medieval periods bear exceptional testimony to the now lost civilisations which succeeded each other at the site.

    Criterion
    The dramatic Nabataean/Hellenistic rock-cut temple/tombs approached via a natural winding rocky cleft (the Siq), which is the main entrance from the east to a once extensive trading city, represent a unique artistic achievement. They are masterpieces of a lost city that has fascinated visitors since the early 19th century. The entrance approach and the settlement itself were made possible by the creative genius of the extensive water distribution and storage system.

    Criterion
    The serried rows of numerous rock-cut tombs reflecting architectural influences from the Assyrians through to monumental Hellenistic; the sacrificial and other religious high places including on Jebels Madbah, M'eisrah, Khubtha, Habis and Al Madras; the remains of the extensive water engineering system, city walls and freestanding temples; garden terraces; funerary stelae and inscriptions together with the outlying caravan staging posts on the approaches from the north (Barid or Little Petra) and south (Sabra) also containing tombs, temples, water cisterns and reservoirs are an outstanding testament to the now lost Nabataean civilization of the fourth century BC to the first century AD.

    Remains of the Neolithic settlement at Beidha, the Iron Age settlement on Umm al Biyara, the Chalcolithic mining sites at Umm al Amad, the remains of Graeco-Roman civic planning including the colonnaded street, triple-arched entrance gate, theatre, Nymphaeum and baths; Byzantine remains including the triple-apses basilica church and the church created in the Urn Tomb; the remnant Crusader fortresses of Habis and Wueira; and the foundation of the mosque on Jebel Haroun, traditionally the burial place of the Prophet Aaron, all bear exceptional testimony to past civilizations in the Petra area.

    Criterion (iv): The architectural ensemble comprising the so-called "royal tombs" in Petra (including the Khasneh, the Urn Tomb, the Palace Tomb and the Corinthian Tomb), and the Deir ("monastery") demonstrate an outstanding fusion of Hellenistic architecture with Eastern tradition, marking a significant meeting of East and West at the turn of the first millennium of our era.

    The Umm al Amad copper mines and underground galleries are an outstanding example of mining structures dating from the fourth millennium BC.

    The remnants of the diversion dam, Muthlim tunnel, water channels, aqueducts, reservoirs and cisterns are an outstanding example of water engineering dating from the first centuries BC to AD.

    Integrity
    All the main freestanding and rock-cut monuments and extensive archaeological remains within the arid landscape of red sandstone cliffs and gorges lie within the boundaries of the property that coincide with the boundaries of the Petra National Park. The monuments are subject to ongoing erosion due to wind and rain, exacerbated in the past by windblown sand due to grazing animals reducing ground cover. The resettlement more than twenty years ago of the Bdul (Bedouin) tribe and their livestock away from their former seasonal dwellings in the Petra basin to a new village at Umm Sayhun was aimed in part at arresting this process.

    They are also vulnerable to flash flooding along Wadi Musa through the winding gorge (Siq) if the Nabataean diversion system is not continually monitored, repaired and maintained.

    The property is under pressure from tourism, which has increased greatly since the time of inscription, particularly congestion points such as the Siq which is the main entrance to the city from the east.

    The property is also vulnerable to the infrastructure needs of local communities and tourists. A new sewerage treatment plant has been provided within the property to the north with the recycled water being used for an adjacent drip irrigation farming project. Further infrastructure development proposed inside the boundary includes electricity supply and substation, a community/visitor centre, an outdoor theatre for community events, picnic areas, camping ground and a new restaurant near the Qasr al Bint temple, all of which have the potential to impact on the integrity of the property.

    Authenticity
    The attributes of temple/tomb monuments, and their location and setting clearly express the Outstanding Universal Value. The natural decay of the sandstone architecture threatens the authenticity of the property in the long-term. Stabilization of freestanding monuments including the Qasr al Bint temple and the vaulted structure supporting the Byzantine forecourt to the Urn Tomb Church was carried out prior to inscription.

    Protection and management requirements
    Under Jordanian National law, responsibility for protection of Antiquities sites lies with the Department of Antiquities, a separate entity under the Ministry for Tourism and Antiquities.

    The property is a protected area within the Petra Archaeological Park managed by the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities. However responsibility for the overall planning and implementation of infrastructure projects at the site rests largely with the Petra Regional Authority (PRA) - originally the Petra Regional Planning Council (PRPC) - but now expanded to cover the social and economic wellbeing of the communities in the locality.

    Increased staff numbers have enabled campaigns of inspection and control and strategies have been developed to manage tourist access and local community involvement, including the location and design of community-managed shop/kiosks.

    Regulations and policies developed under the Petra Archaeological Park Operating Plan will cover infrastructure projects undertaken by the PRA including electrification of the Petra Archaeological Park and works associated with water recycling farming projects including tree-planting. They will also cover visitor facilities such as park lighting, tourist trails and interpretative signage, restaurants and shops, community recreation areas and businesses, as well as public events and activities within the park.

    There is a long-term need for a framework for sustainable development and management practices aimed at protecting the property from damage resulting from the pressure of visitors, while enhancing revenues from tourism that will contribute to the economic and social viability of the region.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    Madaba

    13. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 66 °F

    Madaba, where we’ll take a short walk to St. George’s Church.
    This 19th-century Greek Orthodox Church is home to a treasure
    trove of early Christianity, including the earliest surviving mosaic
    map of the Holy Land. The map, which once contained some two
    million mosaic pieces, dates to about the sixth century.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    Mount Nebo

    13. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 66 °F

    Mount Nebo, the place where Moses is purported to
    have gazed upon the Holy Land that he was not meant to reach. It
    is said that his tomb lies here. From here, we’ll enjoy spectacular
    views across the Jordan Valley and Dead Sea. We’ll also see some
    preserved mosaics uncovered from archaeological digs that date
    back to the sixth century.

    The view of the Holy Land
    According to to Biblical tradition, this site is connected to the memory of the place where the Prophet Moses died after having seen the promised land. Indeed Mount Nero is located on one of the western ridges of the ancient plains of Moab and provides a unique view of the Holy Land. Looking to the south, the panorama extend over the Dead Sea and the desert. To the west it is possible to see the Valley of the Jordan River with the mountains from Hebron to Nablus, and further to the north Jebel Osha and the southern slopes of the Wadi Zaria.
    The surrounding hills of Ammon are also visible along with Hesban and the mountains of Musharqar. On very clear days Bethlehem, the Heriodian fortress of Heradium, the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem, and Ramallah appear to visitors. Looking down into the Jordan Valley, it is easy to discern Qumran beside the Dead Sea as well as the oasis of Jericho.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    Jerash/Lunch

    12. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 68 °F

    This once grand temple dedicated to Zeus Olympios was built in 162/162 AD. It lies on a terrace above the original sanctuary toZeus, and overlooks the Oval Plaza. The original site of worship, which lay on the terrace beneath, became the Lower Sanctuary of a magnificent temple complex and a wide staircase linked the lower part to this newer upper terrance.
    The Great Temple of Zeus stood on a podium surrounded by columns. The plan and ornamentation was in a classic style typical of its time. The facade was marked by eight Corinthian columns and a unique series of niches that decorated the outside walls. A flat roof sheltered the temple.
    In the 5th century AD this temple was taken apart, and it became aquarry of materials used to construct churches around the city.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    The Church of Mariano'sBurial AreaSouth Gate/Monumental Arch

    Jerash

    11. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☁️ 57 °F

    We'll drive to Jerash, considered the world’s best-preserved and most complete Greco-Roman city, first established as a town in AD 70. Today, it’s a sprawling open-air museum of monumental temples, baths, theaters, and lovely Byzantine churches. We’ll be greeted by the triple-arched gateway built to honor the arrival of the Emperor Hadrian in AD 129. Next to Hadrian’s Arch stands the massive hippodrome, partially reconstructed. We’ll wander through this amazing site and marvel at the Zeus Temple, Oval Plaza, and splendid avenues and plazas lined with graceful colonnades. After our tour, we’ll have free time to explore Jerash on our own, a time when you can visit the site’s museum, or perhaps attend the gladiator show and chariot race that takes place here (when available).

    Jerash is a city in Jordan, north of the capital Amman. Inhabited since the Bronze Age, it’s known for the ruins of the walled Greco-Roman settlement of Gerasa just outside the modern city. These include the 2nd-century Hadrian’s Arch, the Corinthian columns of the Temple of Artemis and the huge Forum’s oval colonnade. The Jerash Archaeological Museum displays artifacts excavated from the site.

    A close second to Petra on the list of favorite destinations in Jordan, the ancient city of Jerash boasts an unbroken chain of human occupation dating back more than 6,500 years and is only about 45km north of Amman and because of its water the site has been settled at least since Neolithic times. The city's golden age came under Roman rule and the site is now generally acknowledged to be one of the best-preserved Roman provincial towns in the world and one of the Decapolis cities once named Gerasa. Hidden for centuries in sand before being excavated and restored over the past 70 years, Jerash reveals a fine example of the grand, formal provincial Roman urbanism that is found throughout the Middle East, comprising paved and colonnaded streets, soaring hilltop temples, grand theatres, spacious public squares and plazas, baths, fountains and city walls pierced by towers and gates. Beneath its external Graeco-Roman veneer, Jerash also preserves a subtle blend of east and west. Its architecture, religion and languages reflect a process by which two powerful cultures meshed and coexisted - The Graeco-Roman world of the Mediterranean basin and the ancient traditions of the Arab Orient.

    Jerash lies on a plain surrounded by hilly wooded areas and fertile basins. Conquered by General Pompey in 63 BC, it came under Roman rule and was one of the ten great Roman cities of the Decapolis League.

    The city's golden age came under Roman rule, during which time it was known as Gerasa, and the site is now generally acknowledged to be one of the best-preserved Roman provincial towns in the world.

    jerash visitors' center
    Jerash Visitors Center was established in the early seventies in an area of ​​1000 square meters. Rehabilitated in 2015, in cooperation with USAID the center provides information and guidance about the historic sites of Jerash.

    jerash archeological city
    A close second to Petra on the list of favourite destinations in Jordan is the ancient city of Jerash, which boasts an unbroken chain of human occupation dating back more than 6,500 years.

    Jerash lies on a plain surrounded by hilly wooded areas and fertile basins. Conquered by General Pompey in 63 BC, it came under Roman rule and was one of the ten great Roman cities of the Decapolis League.

    The city's golden age came under Roman rule, during which time it was known as Gerasa, and the site is now generally acknowledged to be one of the best-preserved Roman provincial towns in the world.

    jerash archeological museum
    The Jerash Archaeological Museum was established in 1923 inside one of the vaults of the courtyard of the Artemis Temple. In 1985, the museum was moved to the renovated old rest house and the first special exhibition there was entitled “Jordan Through the Ages.” The museum is now dedicated solely to discoveries from the Jerash region and its collections span the archaeological periods in the area, from the Neolithic up to the Mameluk period. The displays are in chronological order with typological and functional divisions.

    south theater
    Built during the reign of Emperor Domitian, between 90-92 AD, the South Theatre can seat more than 3,000 spectators. The 1st level of the ornate stage, which was originally a two- story structure, has been reconstructed and is still used today. The theatre's remarkable acoustics allow a speaker at the center of the orchestra floor to be heard throughout the entire auditorium without raising his voice. Two vaulted passages lead into the orchestra, and four passages at the back of the theatre give access to the upper rows of seats. Some seats could be reserved and the Greek letters which designate them can still be seen.

    north theater
    The North Theatre was built in 165 AD. In front is a colonnaded plaza where a staircase led up to the entrance. The theatre originally only had 14 rows of seats and was used for performances, city council meetings, etc. In 235 AD, the theatre was doubled in size to its current capacity of 1,600. The theatre fell into disuse in the 5th century and many of its stones were taken for use in other buildings.

    nymphaeum
    This ornamental fountain was constructed in 191 AD and dedicated to the Nymphs. Such fountains were common in Roman cities, and provided a refreshing focal point for the city.

    This well-preserved example was originally embellished with marble facings on the lower level and painted plaster on the upper level, topped with a half-dome roof. Water cascaded through seven carved lion's heads into small basins on the sidewalk and overflowed from there through drains and into the underground sewage system.

    cathedral
    Further up the Cardo Maximus, on the left is the monumental and richly-carved gateway of a 2nd century Roman Temple of Dionysus. In the 4th century the temple was rebuilt as a Byzantine church now referred to as the ‘Cathedral’ (although there is no evidence that it held more importance than any of the other churches). At the top of the stairs, against an outer East wall of the Cathedral is the shrine of St. Mary, with a painted inscription to Mary and the archangels Michael and Gabriel.

    colonnaded street/ cardo maximus
    Still paved with the original stones – the ruts worn by chariots are still visible – the 800m Cardo was the architectural spine and focal point of Jerash. An underground sewage system ran the full length of the Cardo and the regular holes at the sides of the street drained rainwater into the sewers.

    oval plaza
    The spacious plaza measures 90mx80m and is surrounded by a broad sidewalk and colonnade of 1st century AD Ionic columns. There are two alters in the middle, and a fountain was added in the 7th century AD. This square structure now supports a central column, which was recently erected to carry the Jerash Festival Flame.

    Jerash lies on a plain surrounded by hilly wooded areas and fertile basins. Conquered by General Pompey in 63 BC, it came under Roman rule and was one of the ten great Roman cities of the Decapolis League.

    The city's golden age came under Roman rule, during which time it was known as Gerasa, and the site is now generally acknowledged to be one of the best-preserved Roman provincial towns in the world.

    jerash archeological museum
    The Jerash Archaeological Museum was established in 1923 inside one of the vaults of the courtyard of the Artemis Temple. In 1985, the museum was moved to the renovated old rest house and the first special exhibition there was entitled “Jordan Through the Ages.” The museum is now dedicated solely to discoveries from the Jerash region and its collections span the archaeological periods in the area, from the Neolithic up to the Mameluk period. The displays are in chronological order with typological and functional divisions.

    hippodrome
    This massive arena was 245m long and 52m wide and could seat 15,000 spectators at a time for chariot races and other sports. The exact date of its construction is unclear but it is estimated between the mid-2nd to 3rd century AD. It is now also possible to relive the days when gladiators and charioteers appeared before the crowds, with regular re-enactments by the Roman Army and Chariot Experience (RACE). For more about RACE, visit www.jerashchariots.com

    hadrian’s arch
    Built to commemorate the visit of the Emperor Hadrian to Jerash in 129 AD, this splendid triumphal arch was intended to become the main Southern gate to the city; however, the expansion plans were never completed.

    roman army & chariot experience (race)
    RACE is the biggest regular show of any kind in the Middle East and the only large scale Roman re- enactment performance in the world. The show contains a performance of twenty-four fully equipped legionnaires showing their battle formations and tactics. The narrative explains the history of the Roman Army and their traditions and customs. The show also includes gladiator fights and chariot races.

    jerash festival for culture & arts
    The Jerash Festival usually takes place during the end of July and beginning of August .It showcases a wide array of singers, musical and folklore troupes, poetry readings, symphony orchestras, ballet, Shakespearean theatre, handicrafts, and art shows. The colonnaded streets, plazas, and theatres of Jerash all provide unique venues for these acts, under the balmy summer skies of central Jordan. While performances take place in the different arenas, thousands of visitors also enjoy strolling through the ancient streets and monuments of the city, shopping for handicrafts, taking in art and book exhibitions, enjoying a casual meal, or simply absorbing the powerful drama of East and West meeting in a great cultural jamboree.
    Skilled craftsmen and women display Bedouin rugs, jewellery, embroidery, glass, wood, metal, and ceramic objects, and also demonstrate on the spot how they create their wares.

    Jerash, Jordan, which was previously known as Gerasa, is mentioned in the Bible in connection with Jesus Christ. According to the Bible, Jesus traveled through Jerash and performed a miraculous exorcism on a man possessed by demons. The Bible also mentions that Jesus may have visited the area around Jerash while traveling through the Decapolis, which included Jerash as its second largest city.
    Jerash is also home to a large ecclesiastical complex that includes a fountain where Byzantine citizens would celebrate Jesus' miracle of turning water into wine.
    Jerash is located in northern Jordan, 30 miles north of Amman, and is known for its well-preserved Greco-Roman ruins. The city's ruins are mostly from the Roman and Byzantine periods, and date back to its heyday in the 2nd century when it had a population of 20,000–25,000. The city was rediscovered in 1806 and restoration of the ruins began in 1925.    Les mer

  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    Kunafa / Knafeh / Kanafeh

    11. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ⛅ 68 °F

    Kunafa / Knafeh / Kanafeh

    Kunafa or knafeh is a popular Arabic dessert that can be found in Jordan. It consists of melted cheese topped with a pastry or shredded wheat topping, then soaked in sweet syrup. It is usually sold by weight and is heavily addictive.

    There are two types of knafeh, most easily explained in English as “soft” or “rough.” One is topped with shredded wheat (kheshna) and the other is topped with semolina (na’ma).

    If you love Jordanian sweets, try both and see which one you like better.

    The most popular knefeh in Amman will be found at Habibah in downtown Amman. Situated in a tiny alley, you will likely find the alley packed with locals and tourists, enjoying their dessert with a foam plate and plastic fork.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    Hashem Restaurant

    11. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 68 °F

    THE BEGINNING OF THE STORY
    The beginnings started before more than a century. In 1910, in the beautiful al-Ami area, located in the arms of the sea mermaid Jaffa, the vibrant heart of Palestine… the Grandparents founded this great legacy… to begin the journey of success from there, bearing the originality of the past and the rootedness of the future.

    HASHEM
    WHEN THE DREAM COMES TRUE
    In the long journey of success, Hashem had a pause in Amman... where he laid the foundation stone for a new start to continue the journey and the giving continues... Seven decades ago, specifically in 1956, Hashem started from Amman... to become a pillar of the ancient city and one of its archaeological landmarks... sought by those looking for originality and memories of the good time.

    CONTINUOUS INHERITANCE
    The journey of success drawn by the ancestors generation after generation continued. They continued the preservation of the ancient heritage and keeping pace with the requirements of the times and the progress and prosperity brought about by technology… Hashem was among the pioneers in introducing technology and modernity to the food industries. To ensure that our products comply with the highest international quality specifications and achieve the highest expectations for our clients. … and as a commitment from us in Hashem to our valued clients, we included our strategic plans a set of goals and supreme values that guarantee the quality of performance and the continuous giving … committed to hospitality and good reception, which became one of our prominent features …looking forward to further progress so that Hashem remains the icon of Arab restaurants and a symbol of originality that knows no bounds...    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    Roman Sculpture: Water FairyGravestone in the shape Torso of a ChildBust of Sun god HeliosThe goddess of Hayan son of NybtSarcophagusMiniature model made of gypsum of the dome of the Palace of Hiskam bin AbdulmaKkMilk Shaking

    Jordan Archaeological Museum

    11. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 64 °F

    Colossal Roman Statue: The hand and elbow fragments belonged to a colossal statue from the Roman period and were found near the Temple of Hercules. The statue is estimated to have stood over 13 meters high, making it one of the largest statues from Greco-Roman times. Due to the massiveness of the statue. The temple was attributed to Hercules who was renowned for his physical strength.
    Anthropomorphic idol with yellowish sandstone. The inscription at the bottom reads “the goddess of Hayan son is Nybt”. The stylized representation of the goddess is surmounted by adenticulate cornice, forming the image of a sacred edicule. The eyes may have been inlaid. The central depression in the Laurel wreath above the eyes would accommodated a precious stone. Similar idols are commonly found in the Arabian peninsula.
    Anthropoid Coffins: Life after Death
    “Anthropoid coffins are made in human form, a practice originating from the mummy coffins of Egypt.”
    The concept of these coffins was brought to the Levantine by Egyptian officers and merchants, and their use was related to the Iron Age notion that the dead lived in their tombs.
    These coffins have mostly been found at Egyptian administrative center as well as commercial centers on the trade routes between Egypt and Syria. Those found in Jordan, however, are dated to a later period than those of Palestine and Egypt. In Jordan the coffins discovered at Raghadan Palace site in Amman are the most interesting. Five coffins were found in a shaft tomb, dating to between the tenth and seventh centuries BC.
    Milk Shaking: Sa’an is a bag made. Of goat skin. Bedouins used to put milk in the bag and move it back and forth a while to make butter, cheese, and other products.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    Amman Citadel ruins
    The uncompleted Roman Temple of HerculesGateway of the Umayyad PalaceGateway of the Umayyad Palace

    Citadel

    11. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ⛅ 100 °F

    Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a modern city with numerous ancient ruins. Atop Jabal al-Qala’a hill, the historic Citadel includes the pillars of the Roman Temple of Hercules and the 8th-century Umayyad Palace complex, known for its grand dome. Built into a different downtown hillside, the Roman Theater is a 6,000-capacity, 2nd-century stone amphitheater offering occasional events.

    The Citadel has a long history of occupation by many great civilizations.[1] Evidence of inhabitance since the Neolithic period has been found and the hill was fortified during the Bronze Age (1800 BCE). The hill became the capital of the Kingdom of Ammon sometime after 1200 BCE. It later came under the sway of empires such as the Neo-Assyrian Empire (8th century BCE), Neo-Babylonian Empire (6th century BC), the Ptolemies, the Seleucids (3rd century BCE), Romans (1st century BCE), Byzantines (3rd century CE) and the Umayyads (7th century CE).[2] After the Umayyads, came a period of decline and for much of the time until 1878, the former city became an abandoned pile of ruins only sporadically used by Bedouins and seasonal farmers.[3][4][5] Despite this gap, the Citadel of Amman is considered to be among the world's oldest continuously inhabited places.[6]
    Most of the structures still visible at the site are from the Roman, Byzantine, and Umayyad periods.[7] The major remains at the site are the Temple of Hercules, a Byzantine church, and the Umayyad Palace. The Jordan Archaeological Museum was built on the hill in 1951. Though the fortification walls enclose the heart of the site, the ancient periods of occupation covered large areas. Historic structures, tombs, arches, walls and stairs have no modern borders, and therefore there is considerable archaeological potential at this site, as well as in surrounding lands, and throughout Amman. Archaeologists have been working at the site since the 1920s, including Italian, British, French, Spanish, and Jordanian projects,[8] but a great part of the Citadel remains unexcavated.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    Two headed statue the oldest human statues ever made
    Earliest wall painting in JordanEarliest wall painting in JordanAnthropoid CoffinAlphabet Origin: Democratisation of KnowlegeCommunication with pottery, song, or written

    Jordan Museum

    10. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ 🌙 59 °F

    The Jordan Museum is located in Ras al-Ein district of Amman, Jordan. Built in 2014, the museum is the largest museum in Jordan and hosts some of the country's most important archaeological findings. Its two main permanent exhibitions are the Dead Sea Scrolls, including the Copper Scroll, and the 9000-year-old ʿAin Ghazal statues, which are among the oldest human statues ever made.
    The two headed statue is a mysterious figure is one of the world’s oldest human statues. It is among the 32 plaster statues discovered in Amman in the 1980’s not far from the museum. The meaning of it is unknown but the people who made it were skilled crafts people living in a thriving village.
    THE WALL PAINTINGS: These fragments are from a larger painting, most of which was lost through time. It was discovered in a room containing a burial chamber, within a complex overlooking a rock face, but the function is difficult to fathom. The forms may be considered abstract as we cannot explain them. They were painted on the plaster that covered the interior of the room, using red pigment extracted from iron ore veins local to the Petra region.
    POTTERY STORAGE JAR: The chalcolithic villages witnessed expanding agricultural activities, with surplus food and the need for storing it. Important advancements in crafts took place at the same time, especially in pottery production. The first large jars for storing food stuffs were made by coiling ropes of clay, which is a technique used in some pottery workshops up until now. Siri g food in pottery jars protects it from insects and rodents, still silos and granaries continue to be used for large amounts of grain.
    LETTERS FROM THE PAST: The age provides a variety of written sources that hold valuable information about Jordan.
    STATUE OF AN AMMONITE KING: The statue carved of hard gray stone. The pose is right arm by the side with fist clenched, left arm across the stomach also with fist clenched. He is wearing a shawl over a garment in the Aramaic-Syrian tradition. His legs are close together and he is standing on a stone pedestal that was formed of the same stone. There is no inscription on the pedestal but the man is wearing Egyptian style of ate crown, symbol of kings and gods. The formal pose, dress, and crown indicate that this statue is of a king or of a god. The unmarked pupils on this statue perhaps suggest the sleep of death of a deified king.    Les mer

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen
    Hijaz Railway Wagon

    Jordan Museum 1

    10. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 72 °F

    The Hijaz Railway Wagon was originally found at Al-Shiedieh in Southern Jordan within the Ma’an Governorate, and was transported from its original location to the museu, to be protected and conserved.

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  • Linda FrandsenJordan 2024Linda Frandsen

    King Abdullah I Mosque/Blue Mosque

    10. november 2024, Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 68 °F

    The King Abdullah I Mosque in Amman, Jordan was built between 1982 and 1989. It is capped by a blue mosaic dome beneath which 3,000 Muslims may offer prayer.
    Tourists are allowed to visit. Men must have long trousers on and women must cover their heads, arms and legs. A hooded gown is provided free of charge for this purpose.Les mer

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