• Krakow - The Wawel

    17. toukokuuta 2022, Puola ⋅ ☁️ 16 °C

    A good flight to Krakow yesterday; about time too - this self-organised trip should have happened 2 years ago, but was postponed for some reason....

    The Royal Complex on Wawel Hill, overlooking the River Vistula, is considered a symbol of Polish Statehood and the first historic ruler of the country settled here in the 10th century.

    We enter the 4-winged Royal Castle (built 1505-36) by crossing the Italianate arcaded inner courtyard; some of the castle is closed to visitors, but we can visit the Royal Apartments - there are tapestries, ornate ceilings, stoves, furniture etc to see and admire. We also visit the small Royal Gardens at the rear of the castle.

    Wawel Cathedral (of Saints Stanislav and Waclaw) is the most important temple in Poland; many Kings, wives and national heroes are buried here. Several chapels have been built around the main nave, and it is extremely beautiful inside. The bell tower is part of the specified walking route and the 12-ton Sigismund Bell is of particular ineterst; there are good views from here as well. We also visit the Royal Tomb and Cathedral Museum as part of our Cathedral visit.

    We leave The Wawel and take the scenic Royal Route to Krakow's main market square and beyond...
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  • RHS Garden Wisley, Surrey

    11. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☁️ 14 °C

    Wisley is the historic home of the Royal Horticultural Society and houses one of the largest plant collections in the world. 

    We follow the recommended trail on the RHS Wisley map, starting at perhaps the most iconic view of Wisley; the old Laboratory building set among a terraced landscape with the striking Jellicoe Canal in front of it.  We then pass by the Conifer Lawn, take the Wisteria Walk, see the Mixed Borders and Cottage Garden and walk up the hill to see the sculpture of a Drinking Horse Head entitled 'Still Water'.  We walk through the Wildlife Garden, with its wicker structures providing a haven for wildlife, and see another sculpture outside the RHS Hilltop building; Hilltop is the new laboratory and the "Home of Gardening Science"; it is the UK's first dedicated horticultural scientific centre of excellence. There is an interactive exhibition here that demonstrates the benefits of gardens for wellbeing; there are also great views from the top.

    We see the fruit tree collection (pleached) and cut across to the Bonsai Walk; from here it is a walk back via the Alpine Meadow and Rock Garden to The Glasshouse.  This amazing building is 12m high and huge; entering it is like walking into a jungle with its tree ferns, tall palms, lush-leaved creepers and dazzling flower displays and there are three climatic zones to explore (tropical, moist temperate and dry temperate). We leave and walk through the Oakwood to reach the Walled Gardens and the Water Lily Pavilion; from here it is along the Equinox Borders to enjoy the Riverside Walk to the Heather Landscape.  Then back through Howards Field and the Pinetum, the oldest tree collection at Wisley; there are some interesting tree sculptures to see here.

    An excellent 3 hour walk with lots of interesting things to see.
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  • Cherhill White Horse and Avebury

    10. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 7 °C

    Cherhill is a village that lies close to an old coaching road which ran from central London to Bristol.  We cross the new version of this road - the A4 - and head up the hill, enjoying good views of the Cherhill White Horse and the Cherhill Monument (aka the Landsdowne Monument) on the Cherhill Downs.

    We reach the Landsdowne Monument first; this is a Grade II 38m tall stone obelisk erected in 1845 now owned by the National Trust - access to the summit is not permitted at present due to renovation work.  Close to it is the Cherhill White Horse which was cut into the chalk hillside in 1780 and may have been inspired by the Westbury White Horse; it is now also owned by the National Trust.  We pass the banks and ditches of the Oldbury Hillfort and as we move between the two monuments and then head downhill to walk along the Old Bath Road running parallel to the A4 before crossing again to the other side to go to Yatesbury village.  We then head back towards Cherhill via Compton Bassett.

    It is a short drive from Cherhill to the Avebury World Heritage Site; we visited the stone circle henge on a previous visit, but still have some unfinished business here.  We see Silbury Hill, a Neolithic (2,300 BC) artificial chalk mound; at 39.3m high and with a 167m base diameter, it is the largest prehistoric mound in Europe.  It is a short walk from here to visit the West Kennet Long Barrow; this is a Neolithic (3,650 BC) chambered long barrow that was used as a burial chamber for a short time.  It is has been partially reconstructed with a side chamber that can be explored - a "spooky" experience.
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  • Devizes; Caen Hill Locks / Roundway Down

    9. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 5 °C

    Devizes is a town on the Kennet and Avon Canal; this is actually a waterway that comprises 3 sections;
    1) Bristol to Bath via the natural course of the River Avon,
    2) the Canal itself linking the River Avon to the River Kennet at Newbury, and
    3) Newbury to Reading via the natural course of the River Thames.

    We follow the course of the canal along the Caen Hill Lock Flight between Lower Foxhangers and Devize;; this canal flight allows boats to accommodate a change in height of 237 feet over 2 miles. This amazing feat of engineering, completed in 1810, comprises 16 locks for Caen Hill and another 6 at the Devizes end; there are large side ponds at each lock and the complete structure is now recognised as a scheduled ancient monument. It is truly incredible to see.

    We now follow the course of the canal along the outskirts of Devizes past the Devizes Wharf and the former warehouse to pass large houses with gardens down to the water. We cross a bridge and walk up to the small hamlet of Roundway before carrying on to Roundway Hill to pass the Devizes Millenium White Horse, cut in 1999.

    Further up Roundway Hill is Roundway Down, a steep, chalk grass covered down with great views; there is a triangular shaped Iron Age Hill Fort dating from 600 BC on top. The hill fort is also known as Oliver's Castle because a great battle was fought on Roundway Hill in 1643 during the English Civil War.

    It is a long walk down to Devizes, but another great day has been spent.
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  • Devizes; Town

    8. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☁️ 7 °C

    Devizes is a market town situated on the Kennet and Avon Canal and has an incredible 500+ listed buildings. The town originally developed around an 11th century Norman motte and bailey castle, but very little remains of this as it was destroyed in the 17th century during the English Civil War; the site is now occupied by a privately owned Victorian-era castle.

    We start at St John's Church, also Norman in origin as it was the garrison church for the castle; the castle is visible from the area around the churchyard. We walk down St John's Court, past the Old Town Hall and the Boots Building to the Market Place; it is surrounded by 18th and 19th century buildings and has a magnificent Market Cross and Fountain.

    We walk along the Brittox, originally connecting the town and castle, and explore further seeing both the Shambles Market and St Mary's Church (also Norman) before reaching another significant site; the Wadworth Brewery, established in 1875 and well known for its 6X beer (a personal favourite).
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  • 16. Sidmouth to Orcombe Point

    7. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ 🌬 8 °C

    We set off along Sidmouth Esplanade enjoying the view to the east (Salcombe Hill) and to the west (High Peak) before passing the outskirts of Connaught Gardens and starting the ascent up Peak Hill. We have a good view of the Big Picket Rock and Little Picket Rock as we follow the path up High Peak.

    There are spectacular views of Ladram Bay and its red sandstone stacks; we pass Smallstones Point and walk southwest along the coastal path past Brandy Head, a historic RAF Observation Post (now available as holiday accommodation). We reach the Otter Estuary Nature Reserve at the mouth of the River Otter - a saltmarsh and mudflat habitat - and loop up and down a short way to reach the outskirts of Budleigh Salterton and its pebble beach; it is a very attractive small town.

    We follow the cliff path and enjoy views back to Budleigh Salterton and Otterton Ledge and ahead to Straight Point, now an MOD area. We cross a large static caravan site to reach the High Land of Orcombe and Orcombe Point, the most westerly Point of the Jurassic Coast; this status is marked by the " Geoneedle", an obelisk monument unveiled in 2002 representing the variety of stone found along the Jurassic Coast.

    Walking the Jurassic Coast has been a fantastic experience. Click on the blue "The Jurassic Coast" link at the top this post to see the whole trip.
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  • 15b. Sidmouth; Byes to Donkey Sanctuary

    5. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 5 °C

    The Byes in Sidmouth is an attractive green corridor that follows the River Sid from Sidford, a small village on the outskirts of Sidmouth, to the sea at Sidmouth; there are footpaths, open fields and parkland here. The Donkey Sanctuary is a British charitable organisation devoted to the welfare of donkeys and is based a few miles outside of Sidmouth, near Trow.

    We start in Sidmouth at the picturesque Toll House on Waterloo Bridge that crosses the River Sid; it is actually a Grade II listed council home. Along the Byes we pass some weirs and explore Margaret's Meadow, before crossing the river to the village of Fortescue. It is then a steep climb through woods and across a field to reach the road for the descent to the village of Salcombe Regis; this is a tiny unspoilt village with a beautiful Norman Church and has a lovely churchyard. We then cross more fields to reach Slade House Farm, the home of The Donkey Sanctuary, home to over 500 donkeys and mules; it is interesting to walk round and see the animals.
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  • 15a. Sidmouth; Town

    4. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 6 °C

    Sidmouth lies at the mouth of the River Sid in a valley between Salcombe Hill to the east and Peak Hill to the west, and is characterised by red-coloured rock cliffs; it is a gateway to the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site.

    Sidmouth was a fashionable and popular Regency and Victorian resort and still has many Period buildings and a mile-long Georgian Esplanade; there are two beaches - Sidmouth town beach to the east and Jacob's Ladder beach to the west.

    We walk along the beautiful Esplanade and then into town to see Sidmouth Market (a building) and walk along Old Fore Street before doubling back to the Parish Church; the museum is closed, unfortunately. We head down to the Esplanade and walk the rest of this and then up Clifton Terrace; there are three fine thatched houses here decorated in "cottage orne" style. We carry on up the hill to reach Connaught Gardens, Sidmouth's showpiece public gardens, overlooking Jacob's Ladder Beach; they are lovely and the so-called Clocktower cafe occupies a former lime kiln. There are excellent views to both west and east from up here.

    We then walk back the edge of town up Glen Road past the magnificent Royal Glen Hotel; this was a former residence of the Duke of Kent, the father of Queen Victoria. Then it is along Glen Goyle, a secluded area, and Bickwell Valley, an impressive collection of fine detached houses in large gardens, before walking back to our holiday rental.
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  • 14. Beer Head to Sidmouth

    3. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☁️ 11 °C

    We walk up to Beer Head, enjoying the lovely views both forward and back. Beer Head is a vertical-walled white chalk headland leading to the Hooken Cliffs, another undercliff walk along a huge landslip with the cliffs above us.

    We reach Branscombe Mouth, cross over to walk above the village of Branscombe and then walk along Weston Cliff to Weston Mouth. Up from here we stop to look around Weston Plats, a 19th century clifftop market garden area farmed by villagers from Brannscombe, on an undercliff where donkeys transported seaweed for fertiliser from the beaches and harvested crops back to the village.

    There is a steep ascent and then a walk along the Higher Dunscombe Cliff top and then more steep ascent up steps to reach the "Frogstone", placed here in 1965 by helicopter. We then walk through South Combe Farm and enjoy excellent views from Salcombe Hill before descending to Sidmouth, crossing a bridge over the River Sid to reach the Esplanade for a view back to the cliffs we have just come down.
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  • 13. Seaton and Beer

    2. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 7 °C

    Seaton is s small town and fishing harbour located at the mouth of the River Ax and facing onto Lyme Bay.

    We see the Seaton Wetlands in the distance - a freshwater grazing marsh comprising 3 local nature reserves - before passing the small harbour and walking along the seafront to the older part of town, the cultural quarter. Here we see the Jubilee Clock Tower (1887), the old Town Hall (now the Gateway theatre), the high Street and the Seaton Lion at the entrance to a shop (formerly a hotel). A short walk along the shingle beach and then it is up to the village of Beer.

    Beer is a pretty coastal village one mile west of Seaton; it grew up around a smugglers' cove and caves which were once used to store contraband goods (we were not able to visit the caves).
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  • 12. Lyme Regis to Seaton

    2. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☁️ 10 °C

    We walk along the seafront, past the Cobb, and up a very steep ascent to join the path along the Jurassic Coast. This takes us through the Undercliff National Nature Reserve, a 7 km wilderness area that contains rocks from the Triassic, Jurassic and Creataceous periods. The paths are difficult in places; it is like going back in time, seeing the ferns etc. There has been a lot of tree felling to manage Ash dieback. The thick forest means that there are only occasional views of the cliffs above and the sea below.

    This is a very active coastal area and there have been many landslips over the millenia that have shaped it. The most recent was in 1839 on Christmas Eve; a massive section of cliff slid seaward in an event known as the ‘Great Landslip’, causing a chasm to form behind the landslide block which is now known as Goat Island. We cross this and emerge onto fields and cross to a lane which leads to a path across a golf course. It is then a steep descent to the Axmouth Bridge over the River Ax and into Seaton.

    A very different experience to other parts of the Jurassic Coast walk.
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  • Tolpuddle; The Martyrs' Trail

    1. huhtikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 8 °C

    Tolpuddle is a small village, but famous because of its association with The Tolpuddle Martyrs.

    These were 6 Methodist labourers stuck in poverty in 1833 who founded a small society to protest against poor pay; this "trade union" was frowned upon by the local land owner who claimed they had sworn a secret oath together. His betrayal led to their arrest, trial by a biased judge and sentence to 7 years transportation and hard labour in Australia. People rose in their support and demonstrations led to their eventual return after a pardon; the government backed down as it transpired that a senior official's brother was in a "secret society". We now have many trade unions in the UK.

    We start at the Tolpuddle Martyrs' Museum and Memorial Cottages; a statue, a row of cottages and a small museum commemorate the Martyrs. We visit the Parish Church of St John the Evangelist, where the grave of one of the Martyrs is to be found, and see the Martyrs' Tree, an ancient sycamore where their secret oath is alleged to have been sworn. We pass the Martyrs' Cottage on the way to the new Methodist Chapel (1867) with its Memorial Arch (1912), now a listed monument.

    An interesting excursion.
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  • Cheltenham - Parks and Spas

    20. maaliskuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 11 °C

    There are several parks in Cheltenham.

    The Imperial Gardens are located just off the Promenade, at the rear of Cheltenham Town Hall, and are flanked by extensive Regency facades, with Regency terrace townhouses encompassing the other three sides.  In the Gardens there is a signpost that points to towns which are twinned with Cheltenham worldwide, as well as a full size bronze statue of Gustav Holst as the centrepiece of a fountain surrounded by octagonal plinths depicting the planets (Holst was born in Cheltenham).

    Behind the Imperial Gardens are the Montpellier Gardens and east of this is Sandford Park; this has one of the largest outdoor pools in England as well as several monuments and fountains of interest. 

    Heading back into town and walking north up Winchcombe Street takes us to Pittville Park; this is the largest ornamental park in Cheltenham and features the magnificent Pittville Pump Room and two lakes.  We enter via the Pittville Gates and walk through Pittville Lawn, which is flanked by beautiful Regency houses, to reach the Park; overlooking the sweeping lawns and ornamental lakes is the Pittville Pump Room, the jewel of Cheltenham’s Regency architecture and the grandest survival of the town’s many spa buildings.
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  • Cheltenham - Town

    20. maaliskuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 10 °C

    Cheltenham stands on the River Chelt, a tributary of the River Severn, and is a spa town (mineral springs were discovered there in 1716); it claims to be the most complete Regency town in Britain - there are tree-lined promenades and parks surrounding its several spas (these are covered in a separate post).

    Starting at Royal Crescent, a terrace of 18 houses, we walk to and along the Promenade which was built at the height of the Regency Period; tree-lined and beautiful, it is flanked by the Long Gardens and contains the popular modern statue called "The Hare and the Minotaur" as well as an older statue of Edward Wilson, an Antarctic explorer, and the imposing War Memorial.  At the end of the Promenade is the amazing Neptune Fountain, which was modelled on the Trevi Fountain in Rome.

    This leads to the Montpellier district, now a trendy bar area with a rotunda building.  Around the corner and backing onto the Imperial Gardens is Cheltenham Town Hall, an early-20th century and Grade II listed assembly rooms building; it is a public venue and not the seat of the borough council, which is housed in the nearby Municipal Offices.  We pass Cheltenham College, a famous Victorian public school (English independent day and boarding school) and a number of other regency buildings on the walk round the town

    Cheltenham Minster, St Mary's is the only surviving medieval building in Cheltenham, and has been in continuous use for 850 years.  A short walk from this is the Brewery Quarter, Cheltenham's hub of leisure attractions, restaurants, bars and shops.
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  • Reach and Swaffham Prior Circular

    8. helmikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 9 °C

    The ancient township of Reach, or as it was previously known Reche, has been inhabited for over 2,000 years and is situated at the termination of the Devil's Dyke earthwork; the village was the centre of considerable trade in mediaeval times and was granted a charter to hold an annual fair at Rogationtide by King John (Reach Fair continues to this day, an event attended by the Devil's Dyke Morris Men who dance there annually).  

    We see the village sign - each side is different - and across the village green is the Dyke's End pub; this is close to the Church of St Etheldreda which was built in 1860 on the site of the former chapel of St John - the ruined perpendicular arch of the old chapel is visible behind the new church.  We leave the village and take a short detour through Reach Wood - volunteers from Reach and Swaffham Prior planted 3,200 young trees on this site in a single day as part of an initiative to create new woodland.  Much to our surprise, we see an emu in a farm enclosure.

    We walk up Barston Drove and turn right at the end to reach the village of Swaffham Prior; we see the village sign and the excellent Red Lion pub before reaching the twin churches that dominate the village.  The Church of St Mary and the Church of St Cyriac and St Julitta have served the parish since at least the 12th century, but in 1667 an act of parliament combined the churches under a single parish.  Swaffham Prior is also known for its two windmills; Fosters Windmill is still operating as a mill but the Smock Tower Mill, now a private property, is covered by scaffolding and undergoing extensive renovations for the new owner to return the mill to working order in order to generate electricity.

    We leave the village and head east for a mile to reach the Devil's Dyke earthwork and walk along the top to get back to Reach.  
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  • Crossness Incinerator to Tripcock Ness

    7. helmikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 10 °C

    Literally 200 yards from the Belvedere Incinerator built in 2012 is the Crossness Sludge Powered Generator, also futuristic with a curved chimney, which was built in 1998; they are separated by the Crossness Nature Reserve, and the building of the former so close to the latter was contentious at the time.  Dried sewage sludge is burned here to generate renewable energy.

    The Crossness Sludge Powered Generator is adjacent to the Crossness Sewage Treatment Works.  This was opened in 1865 together with the Crossness Pumping Station as a result of the "Great Stink"; this was an event in Central London in 1858 during which the hot weather exacerbated the smell of untreated human waste and industrial effluent that was present on the banks of the River Thames - the stench from the river had become so bad that business in Parliament was affected.  The Pumping Station, a Grade I listed building, is now decommissioned but still has occasional open days as a museum since it still houses the old Beam Engines that were used to pump London's sewage into a reservoir and then out to the Thames on the ebb tide!  On the opposite side of the Thames we have views of the works at Ford Dagenham; car production stopped here in 2002, but engine manufacture continues.

    The Thames Path now follows the riverbank with the outskirts of Thamesmead on our left; Thamesmead mainly consists of social housing built from the mid-1960s onwards on former marshland on the south bank of the River Thames on the old Royal Arsenal site that extended over Plumstead Marshes and Erith Marshes - part of the large estate was used as a location for the film "A Clockwork Orange".  We see some historic cannons on the path as we proceed.

    We soon reach what was a dangerous bend where the River Thames turns south-west towards Woolwich; there is a small red lighthouse here now and the promontory is known as Tripcock Ness.  We also see an old pill box and have a view of the Barking Creek Barrier, a tidal flood barrier constructed in the 1980s as part of the Thames flood defence system; Barking Creek joins the River Roding in Essex to the River Thames.
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  • Erith Pier to Belvedere Incinerator

    7. helmikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 8 °C

    From Crayford Ness the route leaves the river and goes along Manor Road, from Slade Green to Erith, and turns into Appold Street before reaching the Victorian Erith Pier and Pleasure Gardens; the proposed resort was shortly lived, however, due to the opening of the Southern Offall Works at Crossness in 1865 (see next post).  The pier continued as an industrial ships deep water wharf until the 1950s when the modern, concrete, boomerang shaped pier was built (the longest in London).

    We see the old Erith Causeway, 170m long and of historic interest (but due to be replaced soon because of its state of decay) and can look out across the Thames to Coldwater Point Lighthouse, on the side, marking the tip of Rainham Marshes in Essex, now a RSPB reserve.  We walk along the path past old wharves and new wharves, with chutes and cranes for loading the ships that stop close to the several large industrial estates on our left; this is all a lot more interesting to see than it might seem!  There are also many industrial sites on the other side of the Thames here.

    We round a large bend in the river and pass the large modern quay where waste is collected from ships and barges for the futuristic looking Cory Riverside Resource Recovery facility (RRR), aka Belvedere Incinerator; this UK waste-to-energy incinerator site was opened in 2012 on the outskirts of Belvedere, the next town on after Erith.
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  • Little Walden Circular

    28. tammikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ☁️ 4 °C

    Little Walden is a small village in North Essex and lies about 3 miles north of Saffron Walden, along the B1052 road that goes up to Hadstock and Linton (in South Cambs); a USAAF airfield was operational from 1942-45 - this has long since gone back to agriculture, although it is commemorated on the village sign.  Little Walden is well known locally for the 18th century Crown Inn, a free house, and we have a quick look round the hamlet to see this as well as the small St John's Church, opposite Hall Farm, and the large village pond before walking north up Petts Lane.

    We pass through Home Farm and on to the Grade II listed timber framed Burntwood End before following the path east towards Park Farm and then south down through Ravenstock Green Farm (it is very agricultural here); there are views over to Chesterford Research Park (biotechnology, pharmaceutical and technology R&D companies have offices and bases here).

    We cross the B1052 to walk through Mitchells Farm and then east along a farm track; there are views of a windmill in the distance - Braggs Mill, near Ashdon (see Ashdon and Bartlow Circular FP entry; click on Trip - Essex).  We head south now and reach Puddle Wharf Lane before heading west along the Harcamlow Way, turning off at Butler's Farm - where there is some fancy farm machinery on view - and back in the general direction of Little Walden.

    It's been over 7 miles and a pleasant 3 hours walk.
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  • Fitzwilliam; Gold of the Great Steppe

    25. tammikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 0 °C

    Treasures uncovered at Saka burial complexes, comprising of mounds (kurgan), in East Kazakhstan have been on display in Cambridge at the Fitzwilliam Museum; the Saka were a prehistoric nomadic warrior horse people who inhabited the northern and eastern Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin and dominated this region, from the Black Sea to Siberia, from about 900BC to 200BC. This part of the world is of interest to me due to its proximity to the Silk Road (see atdtravel.wordpress.com for my blog describing this overland travel adventure).

    The highlights of the "Gold of the Great Steppe" exhibition are gold artefacts found with a high-rank teenage archer discovered in 2018 at the Eleke Sazy kurgans and include status symbols such as a gold neck torc and thousands of gold shoe beads; other items found with the teenage archer included a short composite bow designed to be fired from horseback and a bronze dagger with gold sheath.  

    There are stylised animal artefacts on display (including a stag plaque with twisted legs, griffins and argali on cloud stands) which point to the mythological view of the world that the Saka had.  The exhibition also draws attention to the importance of horses to the Saka in Steppe society, to their metal working skills in general, as well as their ability to work with natural resources, including plants and herbs.

    All in all, a very pleasant morning's diversion and a reminder of an interesting part of the world
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  • Introduction to the Museums of Cambridge

    24. tammikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 2 °C

    Together, the eight University of Cambridge Museums and Cambridge University Botanic Garden represent the UK’s highest concentration of internationally important collections outside London: 

    - The Fitzwilliam Museum, Trumpington Street; art and antiquities
    - University Museum Of Zoology, Downing Street; scientifically important zoological material
    - Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Downing Street; archaeological and ethnographic artefacts from around the world
    - Whipple Museum of the History of Science, Free School Lane; materials related to the history of science
    - Museum of Cambridge, Castle Street; Cambridge & County Folk Museum
    - Scott Polar Research Institute (Polar Museum), Lensfield Road: centre for research into the polar regions and glaciology worldwide
    - Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, Downing Street; geology museum
    - Museum of Classical Archaeology, Sidgwick Avenue; one of the few surviving collections of plaster casts of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture in the world
    - Kettle's Yard, Castle Street; a house full of 20th century art alongside a contemporary art gallery
    - Botanic Garden; a plant collection of over 8,000 plant species from all over the world to facilitate teaching and research

    There are also other museums in Cambridge:

    - David Parr House, Gwydir Street; a preserved terraced house in Cambridge, with interior decoration in the Arts and Crafts style
    - The Centre for Computing History, Rene Court; a permanent public exhibition telling the story of the Information Age
    - Cambridge Museum of Technology, Cheddar Street; an industrial heritage museum
    - Cambridge Science Centre, Clifton Road; an interactive science museum
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  • Spitfire: Evolution of an Icon

    7. tammikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 3 °C

    With twelve Spitfires going on display at the aircraft's "home", another visit to IWM Duxford had to be done; this exhibition, running from 27 Dec 2021 to 20 Feb 2022 in the AirSpace super hangar, traces the plane's development at the base where an RAF squadron received the first operational aircraft in 1938. It is thought to be the largest number assembled under one roof in the 21st century.

    Characterised by its graceful curves, elliptical wings and the sound of its powerful Rolls Royce engine, the Spitfire has become an icon of British air history; it was active in the Battle of Britain (1940) and also in North Africa, Italy and elsewhere in Europe during the 1939-1945 conflict. The aeroplane developed over this period, with changes to the Rolls Royce Merlin engine to make it bigger and more powerful leading to modifications of the aircraft design. For example: the nose was enlarged, the tail and propellers had to be changed because of the power that the newer engines produced and new wings were developed to hold more powerful armaments (originally eight machine guns, from Mark II onwards the wings were changed and heavier cannon introduced, with it eventually being able to carry bombs).

    It was extremely interesting to see these changes over time close up.
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  • Crayford Ness to Erith

    4. tammikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ 🌧 4 °C

    The Thames Path follows the River Thames from its source near Kemble in Gloucestershire to the Thames Barrier at Charlton, South East London and is about 184 miles long; from here to Crayford Ness, 10 miles further and just beyond Erith, is considered an extension of the Thames Path - this trip is in reverse, from Crayford Ness to the Thames Barrier.

    Crayford Ness is a marshland area close to where the River Darent joins the Thames; the Dartford Creek Tidal Flood Barrier here prevents high rising tides and flooding of the local area. Just beyond this confluence is the Queen II Bridge over the Thames, the Dartford Crossing. As we walk along the footpath on the flood embankment, there is saltmarsh on the river side and the marshes on the other, with views of a wind turbine and the Erith Yacht Club ahead.

    We reach a small industrial estate where the Thames Path diverts from the river and along Manor Road for a mile or so to Erith.
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  • Barkway and Reed Circular

    3. tammikuuta 2022, Englanti ⋅ ⛅ 8 °C

    Barkway is an ancient village in the north corner of Hertfordshire and was listed in the Domesday Book (1086); there are many old properties along the High Street, which was part of the old London to Cambridge coaching route - as commemorated by an old Milestone and a Wagon Wash for coach wheels.  There has been a church here for over 1,000 years and the current iteration, St. Mary Magdalene Church, is made of flint and stone.

    After the 9 mile drive from Duxford, we park along the High Street, have a look round the sites of the village and then head out via Gas Lane to start the walk.  We pass the southern edge of Earl's Wood and then across fields to a line of trees; here we divert down to the small village of Nuthampstead to see the Memorial Monument dedicated to the 398th Bomb Group outside The Woodman Inn; there was a small airfield and RAF station here during WWII.  After doubling back to our route, we walk past the northern edge of Earl's Wood; further along, from the path back to Barkway High Street, we have views of the large Cokenach Estate - this now has a local cricket club established on its grounds.  

    We cross the High Street and follow the road for a short while before continuing along the path to Periwinkle Hill; we are not far from the RAF Barkway Mast, a reminder of the vital geographic and strategic location that Barkway once was.  We soon reach the small village of Reed.  The beautiful old pub there which I have visited, The Cabinet, is now in danger of being lost and part of it is being used as a small “bar, restaurant and takeaway” with the name of The Spice Cabinet..... We have a view of St Mary's Church as we leave the village, following the signs for The Hertfordshire Way back to Barkway and the end of an excellent walk.
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  • Hangar 5; Conservation in Action

    19. marraskuuta 2021, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 12 °C

    Hangar 5 is where a team of staff and volunteers work to preserve IWM Duxford's aircraft and large objects; the Conservation in Action team also look after art, artefacts, archives, photography, film, books and sound recordings.  Whereas the restored aircraft in Hangar 2 are used for flying, the aircraft and objects in this hangar are maintained in their current state to prevent further deterioration.

    The Handley Page Victor here is the only aircraft of its type left in the world; originally a bomber when first flown in 1959, it was upgraded to an air-to-air refuelling tanker in 1965 before being retired and flying into Duxford in 1976.  The FMA Pucara here is an Argentine ground-attack aircraft that was deployed during the invasion of the Falklands in 1982; this aircraft was one of those captured.  The Avro Shackleton here was built in 1955 and lost in a crash in the Peak District during operational tests in 1956 when all on board were killed.  The Eurofighter Typhoon here first flew in 1997, but was decommissioned in 2006 and was moved to Duxford in 2009.  The Heinkel Salamander HE162 here is a single-seat jet fighter built in 1945, one of only 7 left in the world.  The Oberursel UR-2 rotary engine on display was actually used in one of the Fokker aircraft flown by Manfred von Richthofen (the Red Baron) in WWI.

    Another really interesting visit to IWM Duxford; there is so much to see here.
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  • Hangar 3; Air and Sea

    19. marraskuuta 2021, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 10 °C

    Hangar 3 is an original General Service Aircraft Shed - these are also known as Belfast Truss hangars because of their distinctive latticed Belfast Truss roofs - and now houses IWM Duxford's maritime collection of naval aircraft and boats dating from the First World War, the Second World War, helicopters from the 1950s and aircraft that served in the Falklands War.

    There are many notable aircraft here, including the de Havilland DH.9 bomber from WWI, the cockpit of the A6M Zero - the most successful Japanese fighter aircraft type of the Second World War and the aircraft that would have flown against it in operations - the Grumman TBM-3 Avenger, as well as the de Havilland Sea Vixen and Hawker Sea Hunter (both with folding wings).  This impressive hangar is also home to the B43 "Ole Bill" double-deck, open-top London bus; built by AEC in 1911, it was used as troop transport in WW1, with capacity for carrying 24 fully equipped infantrymen and their kit.  There are also midget submarines and torpedoes on display!
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  • Hangar 2; Flying Aircraft

    19. marraskuuta 2021, Englanti ⋅ ☀️ 10 °C

    Hangar 2 is where IWM flying partners use their own teams of engineers in special restoration workshops to restore, maintain and prepare privately-owned historic aircraft for flight; the museum's aircraft do not fly and are conserved to prevent future deterioration whereas the act of restoration is returning the aircraft to a complete, historically accurate flying condition using original parts where possible.  

    All the aircraft in this hangar are used in air shows etc; in fact, the Sally B was used in the 1990 film Memphis Belle as one of five flying B-17s needed for various film scenes, and it was used to replicate the real Memphis Belle in one scene.
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