Middle East 2018

April 2018 - May 2024
Doug and I are visiting the Middle East in April of 2018. We will spend a week in Dubai with Doug's sister Patty and her husband Bob and then enjoy a 12-day tour through Jordan and Egypt with Biblical Journeys Canada. Read more
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  • Day 19

    Apr 20 - Home - finally!!

    April 20, 2018 in Canada ⋅ 🌙 5 °C

    We made our 1:30 a.m. flight to Dubai and I survived it with no major incidents. I really, really didn't want to be the reason the plane would have to make an emergency landing and my face would get plastered all over CNN. No, thank you. I'll pass.

    The rest of the group was staying overnight in Cairo and heading out on a 10:00 a.m. flight to London, having a 5-6 hour layover, and then onto Toronto. We were going to be home before they would be.

    I still had very little appetite but I concentrated on continuing to get fluids into me. In Dubai, I felt decent and brave enough to tackle the long flight. No chance of an upgrade - the flight was fully booked. We took a deep breath and headed into battle.

    Because I was still wired on meds, I was awake the whole flight, and because Doug was so on edge about me, he was awake the whole flight. I watched four movies - Marshall (about Thurgood Marshall's early days as a NAACP lawyer), The Shape of Water (best picture Oscar winner), Three Billboards Outside Ebbing Missouri (rough language) and On Wings of Eagles (about Eric Liddell of Chariots of Fire fame when he was a POW in China).

    The flight was blessedly quite smooth, although had the "feathering" of the aircraft coming into Toronto lasted much longer, Doug would have been in trouble. We used our new Nexus cards that deem us to be "trusted travellers" to access the Nexus gate that had no line up and thereby bypass the long lines at passport control. Those cards are the best $100 each we've spent in a long time. The kind officer helped us to figure out how to claim the rug that was coming.

    We saw some piles of snow at the airport - the vestiges of a vicious ice storm that had slashed through Ontario the previous weekend, causing traffic havoc and power blackouts and fallen trees. We missed it all! Sweet. On the drive home (about an hour), we revelled at seeing orderly traffic with no donkey carts or tuk-tuks and no pedestrians zig zagging across the highway.

    We were home safely by 7:00 p.m. and ever so happy. There is nothing, just nothing like home.

    Epilogue - my gastrointestinal system got a bit better each day and I finished the medications on Sunday night. I still wasn't sleeping well because of one of the meds so adjusting to the jet lag was a lost cause. Monday morning - I woke up covered in a red, itchy rash. Great - an allergic reaction to either one of the drugs, or a combination of two or more of them. Couldn't get into see our family doctor, so we went to a walk in clinic and got Prednisone, a powerful steroid to combat the spread of the rash which was heading swiftly towards my face and throat and could have hit me with anaphylactic shock at any time. The Prednisone slowed things down. By Tuesday, I was still a mess, but at least anaphylactic shock seemed to be no longer imminent. The rash was trying to spread down my forearms and down below my knees. I spent a lot of time oatmeal baths and having Doug slather me with a non-steroidal based ointment recommended by the pharmacist. The Prednisone makes me jumpy and almost twitchy, so no chance of sleep while taking it. The doctor gave me sleeping pills but they couldn't seem to make a difference. Good thing the newspapers come nice and early because I was up at all kinds of weird hours. Saw our family doctor on Wednesday and gave him the whole sordid story. He prescribed anti-itch pill to use at night that induces drowsiness. I actually slept properly on Wednesday evening. He's going to refer me to the Adverse Reactions Clinic to get to the bottom this wicked reaction so that we can avoid it in the future. By Thursday, I was on the mend, with the rash mostly receded, but lots of weird blotchiness still remaining. What an ordeal!

    And as if that wasn't enough, Doug brought home a cold from Egypt. He's getting better now but has sounded like Kermit the Frog for a few days. He refereed a couple of basket ball games yesterday with virtually no voice. Used a lot of hand signals I guess.

    And so, our big Middle East adventure is over. We enjoyed so many things - seeing Patty and Bob in fascinating Dubai; visiting several World Heritage Sites; riding Casa Nova the Camel in sight of the iconic Great Pyramids; floating down the Nile River; and seeing sites of significance from the Bible. Visiting the site of the baptism of Christ was very spiritual moving for me. It was truly a memorable trip, with a bit of a bobble on the end, but we got through it, with a few valuable lessons learned.

    We were delighted to travel in small group where we could get to know one another. We wish all our fellow travellers wonderful future adventures.

    And to all of you who have patiently followed this blog, I say thank you. Apologies for the delay - it took me several days to be able to concentrate well enough to tackle finishing this blog. Go back to about April 15 - that's where the first posting from Cairo was when I first encountered slow upload speed. It has been a pleasure having you along for the ride. I hope you have learned some things about Dubai and Jordan and Egypt. May you too continue to enjoy learning about this fascinating world of ours.

    Doug and I are off to Newfoundland for two weeks in late May - we're going to see whales and ice bergs and meet some of Canada's most friendly people - the Newfies. I'll probably blog that one too!
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  • Day 18

    Apr 19 - Sick Bay continues plus Luxor

    April 19, 2018 in Canada ⋅ ⛅ 3 °C

    By Thursday morning, I could sit up in bed, but was still completely wrung out. Vitals all stable. Progress. At the 8:00 p.m. check up, I was actually sitting up on the side of the bed. I was practising for a full day of sitting up in airline terminals and on planes. Dr. Ahmed was mightly impressed. What a vision of beauty I must have been with my sweat-encrusted three-day old bed head and now sporting Doug's oversized t-shirt from a local microbrewery. Dr. Ahmed gave me the okay to travel. Now, being medically cleared for traveling and actually feeling like traveling are two very different things. I was still rather light headed and had no energy, but the lure of my own bed was very strong. Along with a few prayers and a firm focus on home, we packed up with a survival kit for me and set off, I in a wheelchair to preserve what little strength I had.

    The driver and Walid met us in the lobby and ushered us into a minivan. It took about an hour to get to the airport. Cairo is a weird place on a Thursday night (like our Friday night) - discos blaring music, huge neon billboards lit up, donkey cards in the noisy, loud traffic and women begging with their children around them on the road medians. Sad. Sad. Sad.

    Walid ushered us into the airport. Walid, because he is a licensed tour guide, was allowed to come past security with us. Even though the check-in desk had just opened, the lineup for economy class was already a mile long. The lineup at First Class was very short. Walid asked if we were flying First Class. “Only in my dreams,” I replied. So, Walid strode up to the First Class check-in desk, explained the situation (not in all its gory details) and asked if we could check in via the First Class desk. I might have been able to stand long enough in that short line. The Emirates airline agent, bless his heart, actually allowed us to jump to the head of the First Class queue. We were through booking in one minute flat. That’s probably the closest we’ll ever get to First Class. What a blessing to have Walid as our shepherd!

    We walked slowly to our gate - getting a wheel chair in that airport is nigh on impossible. Our attention to mobility issues in Canada and the US is far superior. I wasn't feeling any worse, and my gastrointestinal system seemed just stable enough to take a stab at this trip. Our backup plan was to assess my condition in Dubai and if I felt I couldn't survive the flight to Toronto, that we would stay with Doug's sister and brother-in-law for a few days.

    So, while all of this was going on, the most of the rest of the group headed to Luxor. Paul and Cathy had been there last year as part of a cruise and opted to spend the day around the lovely pool at the hotel. Side bar - Paul ripped his leg open when he got attacked by a lounge chair on Monday night and received treatment and one of those fancy IV ports from Dr. Ahmed. We can both attest to Dr. Ahmed's wonderful manner.

    The group had a 3:00 a.m. wakeup call for their 7:00 a.m. flight (about one hour to Luxor in the south of Egypt). We had cancelled our wake up call, but got it any way - just when I had finally fallen asleep. That was about the only bobble made by the hotel.

    As the site of the Ancient Egyptian city of Thebes, Luxor has frequently been characterized as the "world's greatest open-air museum", as the ruins of the temple complexes at Karnak and Luxor stand within the modern city. Immediately opposite, across the River Nile, lie the monuments, temples and tombs of the West Bank Necropolis, which includes the Valley of the Kings and Valley of the Queens.

    You can see some cool pictures here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxor

    It was a long day for the group. They were returning from the airport when we were heading for the airport about 9:30 p.m. on a day that started at 3:00 a.m. My one regret is that we didn't have a chance to say a proper good bye to our fellow travellers. They were all so concerned whenever they saw Doug on Wednesday and sent their best wishes for my speedy recovery.
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  • Day 17

    Apr 18 - Sick Bay /Grand Egyptian Museum

    April 18, 2018 in Canada ⋅ ☁️ 3 °C

    Dr. Ahmed had left me Tuesday evening in Doug's capable hands. I shudder to think what would have happened had I been traveling alone. Neither of us got much sleep - I was still making frequent bathroom trips and discovered later that one of the drugs I was taking induces insomnia. Just my luck. Dr. Ahmed arrived back in the morning. My blood pressure was better (not great) so I got another litre of IV fluids. I thrashed around all day. Another visit that night. Another 1/2 litre of IV fluid. My blood pressure was finally normal and my other vitals were good. I still felt like trash - incredibly weak and with absolutely no appetite - a first for me and I was still not sleeping at all.

    We were now at Wednesday evening. We were facing a deadline of leaving for the airport at 9:00 p.m. on Thursday for our 3-hour flight at 1:30 a.m. flight on Friday for Dubai. From there, we were supposed to fly for 14 hours to Toronto. Because we had flown from Toronto to Dubai, we needed to fly back out of Dubai, otherwise we would have incurred a huge financial penalty. Going ahead two time zones, only to then go back eight time zones seems odd, but that's what we had to do. Dr. Ahmed promised to see me Thursday morning and again Thursday evening when he would make a travel/no travel decision for me.

    Through all of this, Doug was working on logistics. The tour company sent a representative, Nasser, to talk with him. We were supposed to have just stayed at the airport on Thursday after our return from Luxor, but that obviously wasn't go to happen. If I got cleared to travel, he would arrange to send a minivan with a driver along with Walid who would guide us through the airport. Nasser negotiated with the hotel who agreed to let us stay in our room at no extra cost until we had to leave for the airport. The restaurant staff were very kind and helped Doug pack up a few things that he thought I could manage to eat. They gave him a carton of apple juice too and a few bananas. They keep them out of sight, otherwise they get snapped up by the armful by the guests. The Housekeeping staff were wonderful too, keeping us supplied with towels and bottled water and respecting our need for quiet. Trust me, I wrote a lot of thank you notes when I got home. Everyone was so incredibly kind and helpful and cooperative - customer service at its finest from the hotel, the tour company and the medical clinic that services the hotel.

    I suspect that the rest of the group went to the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM), also known as the Giza Museum, a planned museum of artifacts of ancient Egypt. Described as the largest archaeological museum in the world, the museum is under construction and is scheduled to be partially open in 2018 exhibiting the full Tutankhamun collection with many pieces to be displayed for the first time. The museum is sited on 50 hectares (120 acres) of land approximately two kilometers from the Giza pyramids and is part of a new master plan for the plateau. The architectural competition was won by the company Heneghan Peng from Dublin, Ireland. Love my little leprechaun friends!

    On 5 January 2002, then-Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak laid the foundation stone of the Grand Egyptian Museum. On 25 August 2006 the Statue of Ramesses II (a twin of the one we saw at Memphis) was moved from Ramses Square in Cairo to the Giza Plateau, in anticipation of construction of the museum. The Statue of Ramesses II, estimated to be approximately 3,200 years old will be situated at the entrance of the museum by 2018. The main attraction will be the first exhibition of the full tomb collection of King Tutankhamun.
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  • Day 16

    Apr 17 - Alexandria and Sick Bay

    April 17, 2018 in Canada ⋅ ☁️ 1 °C

    And this is where it things started to unravel.....

    I woke up in the early hours with what I thought was just a touch of travelers' tummy, known in Egypt as the Pharoah's revenge. I thought I could shake it off, and despite having no appetite at breakfast (which should have been a huge clue for me), I popped an Imodium and climbed on the bus at 6:30 a.m. with the rest of the group for the 3 hour bus ride to Alexandria.

    Alexandria is located north and a bit west of Cairo and is located on the Mediterranean Sea. The road there is a 3-lane highway going each direction where the cars and trucks pretty much stay in their lanes (unlike in Cairo), but pedestrians constantly dash across the lanes. Insanity. You get fined for that kind of crazy behaviour in Canada.

    Our first stop was the catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa (meaning "Mound of Shards") - a historical archaeological site considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages. No photos allowed.

    The necropolis (burial chamber) consists of a series of Alexandrian tombs, statues and archaeological objects of the Pharaonic funeral cult with Hellenistic and early Imperial Roman influences. Due to the time period, many of the features of the catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa merge Roman, Greek and Egyptian cultural points; some statues are Egyptian in style, yet bear Roman clothes and hair style whilst other features share a similar style. A circular staircase, which was often used to transport deceased bodies down the middle of it, leads down into the tombs that were tunneled into the bedrock during the age of the Antonine emperors (2nd century AD). The facility was then used as a burial chamber from the 2nd century to the 4th century, before being rediscovered in 1900 when a donkey accidentally fell into the access shaft. To date, three sarcophagi have been found, along with other human and animal remains which were added later. It is believed that the catacombs were only intended for a single family, but it is unclear why the site was expanded in order to house numerous other individuals.

    By this time, I was feeling terrible. I felt like booking a spot for myself in the catacombs. Clearly, this was more than travellers' tummy and more clearly, I should have stayed back at the hotel. I was causing needless worry to all my fellow travellers, and especially to Mostafa.

    I stayed on the bus for the rest of the day. I took advantage of every toilet break. Every washroom was miserable and dirty with no running water for hand washing. I'm surprised we didn't all get bubonic plague.

    The group stopped to see Pompey's Pillar. Pompey's Pillar is a Roman triumphal column, the largest of its type constructed outside the imperial capitals of Rome and Constantinople, located at the Serapeum of Alexandria. The only known free-standing column in Roman Egypt which was not composed of drums, it is one of the largest ancient monoliths and one of the largest monolithic columns ever erected.

    The monolithic column shaft measures 20.46 m in height with a diameter of 2.71 m at its base. The weight of the single piece of red Aswan granite is estimated at 285 tonnes. The column is 26.85 m high including its base and capital. It was built in 297 AD to commemorate the victory of Roman emperor Diocletian over an Alexandrian revolt. The Crusaders wrongly believed that the pillar marked the burial site of Pompey and hence the erroneous name. Today the single column marks the site of what was once a huge and elaborate temple, which was constructed of marble and decorated with precious metals on the interior.

    Next stop - Montaza Palace, according to the pictures Doug took. Montaza Palace is a palace, museum and extensive gardens in the Montaza district of Alexandria, Egypt. It was built on a low plateau east of central Alexandria overlooking a beach on the Mediterranean Sea. The larger Al-Haramlik Palace and royal gardens were added to the Montaza Palace grounds, being built by King Fuad I in 1932, as a summer palace. It is in a mixture of Ottoman and Florentine styles, with two towers. One of these towers rises distinctively high above with elaborated Italian Renaissance design details. The palace has long open arcades facing the sea along each floor.

    The Al-Montaza Park, the former expansive royal gardens of 150 acres, are open as a public landscape park and forest reserve. My fellow travellers enjoyed seeing them.

    The bus stopped by the Mediterranean Sea - always a lovely blue colour. I was able to open one eye and verify that. Doug and I loved seeing the Mediterranean when we were in Nice, France a few years ago. We were at the site of the The Lighthouse of Alexandria, sometimes called the Pharos of Alexandria - this was a lighthouse built by the Ptolemaic Kingdom between 280 and 247 BC which has been estimated to be 100 metres in overall height. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, for many centuries it was one of the tallest man-made structures in the world. It was badly damaged by three earthquakes between AD 956 and 1323. The stubby remnant disappeared in 1480, when the then-Sultan of Egypt, Qaitbay, built a medieval fort on the larger platform of the lighthouse site using some of the fallen stone.

    Somewhere along the line, the group stopped for lunch. Lunch was on the tour operator's tab because of a bobble in the tour plans. Doug raved about the good chicken he had in the restaurant overlooking the Mediterranean Sea. We were originally supposed to stay overnight in Alexandria, and then go back to Cairo for one more night for us, two more nights for everyone else. But the Egyptian government bumped all the hotel room reservations in Alexandria for a big conference, so we had to endure the 3 hour bus ride back to Cairo. I spent some of the trip splayed out on the 5 seats along the back of the bus. I was just barely hanging on. Actually, being back in Cairo was a far better place for me than being stranded in Alexandria.

    We got back to Cairo about 7:30 p.m. I crawled to our room. We had been given a room with two separate beds when we checked in. The hotel had offered to move us to a room with a king sized bed for the last three nights, but we had declined the offer, feeling it was just not worth the effort. A fortuitous decision, because one of those beds turned into a hospital bed.

    Doug arranged for the hotel doctor to see me - I had constant diarrhea and now was running a fever. We were way past travellers' tummy. During the return from one of my numerous bathroom trips while we waited for the doctor, I passed out and ended up on the floor, uninjured thanks to Doug. Doug escalated my case to an emergency and called Sharon, a fellow traveler who is also a nurse. She nursed the nurse who was busy nursing his wife. In 18 short hours, I had gone from fine to very, very sick.

    My saviour, Dr. Ahmed Matawea, arrived. His calm, professional bedside manner was incredibly comforting. He mantra was, "We will get through this together.". He had a big smile and was not half bad to look at either. And no, I wasn't hallucinating. He diagnosed me with a very serious gastrointestinal virus that unfortunately peaks in Egypt in April and May and has no antidote. Lucky me. My vital signs were terrible. Fast pulse; fast respirations; high temperature; very low blood pressure of 80 over 40. Yikes. That's the one that made me pass out and it was a direct result of dehydration. This puppy runs 5-7 days and comes on strong with diarrhea, adds on high fever and finishes off with vomiting. Dr. Ahmed was delighted to learn that Doug is a nurse - Doug charted my vitals and took medical notes. Dr. Ahmed put in a double port line in my left arm. Into one port, he ran a litre of fluids - he taped the IV bottles to the wall. I wasn't going to rat him out to the Maintenance staff if he happened to damage the paint. Into the other port, he pushed antibiotics and Tylenol for the fever and anti-vomiting juice which blessedly, worked. He gave Doug four meds to give me and promised to return in the morning.
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  • Day 15

    Apr 16 cont'd - The Giza Plateau

    April 16, 2018 in Egypt ⋅ 🌙 25 °C

    3rd posting for today

    Finally, the one we've all been waiting for - the pyramids of the Giza Plateau that we could see from our hotel. This complex of ancient monuments includes the three pyramid complexes known as the Great Pyramids, the massive sculpture known as the Great Sphinx, several cemeteries, a workers' village and an industrial complex. It is located in the Western Desert, approximately 9 km (5 mi) west of the Nile river at the old town of Giza, and about 13 km (8 mi) southwest of Cairo city centre. It is by far the oldest of the Ancient Wonders and the only one that still exists.

    The Pyramids of Giza consist of the Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Cheops or Khufu and constructed c. 2560–2540 BC), the somewhat smaller Pyramid of Khafre (or Chephren) a few hundred meters to the south-west, and the relatively modest-sized Pyramid of Menkaure (or Mykerinos) a few hundred meters farther south-west. The Great Sphinx lies on the east side of the complex. Current consensus among Egyptologists is that the head of the Great Sphinx is that of Khafre. Along with these major monuments are a number of smaller satellite edifices, known as "queens" pyramids, causeways and valley pyramids.

    Most construction theories are based on the idea that the pyramids were built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place. The disagreements center on the method by which the stones were conveyed and placed and how possible the method was.

    In building the pyramids, the architects might have developed their techniques over time. They would select a site on a relatively flat area of bedrock—not sand—which provided a stable foundation. After carefully surveying the site and laying down the first level of stones, they constructed the pyramids in horizontal levels, one on top of the other.

    For the Great Pyramid of Giza, most of the stone for the interior seems to have been quarried immediately to the south of the construction site. The smooth exterior of the pyramid was made of a fine grade of white limestone that was quarried across the Nile. These exterior blocks had to be carefully cut, transported by river barge to Giza, and dragged up ramps to the construction site. Only a few exterior blocks remain in place at the bottom of the Great Pyramid. During the Middle Ages (5th century to 15th century), people may have taken the rest away for building projects in the city of Cairo.

    To ensure that the pyramid remained symmetrical, the exterior casing stones all had to be equal in height and width. Workers might have marked all the blocks to indicate the angle of the pyramid wall and trimmed the surfaces carefully so that the blocks fit together. During construction, the outer surface of the stone was smooth limestone; excess stone has eroded as time has passed.

    The pyramids of Giza and others are thought to have been constructed to house the remains of the deceased Pharaohs who ruled over Ancient Egypt. A portion of the Pharaoh's spirit called his ka was believed to remain with his corpse. Proper care of the remains was necessary in order for the "former Pharaoh to perform his new duties as king of the dead.". It's theorized the pyramid not only served as a tomb for the Pharaoh, but also as a storage pit for various items he would need in the afterlife. "The people of Ancient Egypt believed that death on Earth was the start of a journey to the next world. The embalmed body of the King was entombed underneath or within the pyramid to protect it and allow his transformation and ascension to the afterlife."

    We all giggled a bit like school children to think that we were standing and touching the Great Pyramid, such an iconic sight from books and movies. Most of us took a camel ride afterwards. Doug still can't believe the things that I nudge him into doing. Stick with me, buddy!

    We stopped at the Great Sphinx for photos. The Great Sphinx of Giza (in English: The Terrifying One; literally: Father of Dread), commonly referred to as the Sphinx of Giza or just the Sphinx, is a limestone statue of a reclining sphinx, a mythical creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human. The face of the Sphinx is generally believed to represent the Pharaoh Khafre.

    Cut from the bedrock, the original shape of the Sphinx has been restored with layers of blocks. It measures 73 metres (240 ft) long from paw to tail, 20.21 m (66.31 ft) high from the base to the top of the head and 19 metres (62 ft) wide at its rear haunches. It is the oldest known monumental sculpture in Egypt and is commonly believed to have been built by ancient Egyptians of the Old Kingdom during the reign of the Pharaoh Khafre (c. 2558–2532 BC). We didn't park and hike all the way in as we still had two stops to make and it had been a full day already.

    We stopped at a gold store on the way home. I ordered a cartouche (to be worn on a chain) with my initials engraved in it in hieroglyphics. In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche is an oval with a horizontal line at one end, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name. Yep, that sounds right. Cartouches were formerly only worn by Pharaohs. Do you remember the one on the statue of Ramesses II at Memphis? The oval surrounding their name was meant to protect them from evil spirits in life and after death. The cartouche has become a symbol representing good luck and protection from evil. The term cartouche was first applied by French soldiers who fancied that the symbol they saw so frequently repeated on the pharaonic ruins they encountered resembled a muzzle-loading firearm's paper powder cartridge (cartouche in French).

    Our last stop was at a papyrus store where we saw a demonstration of how paper is made from the reeds of the papyrus plant. Fascinating process. We bought a small print on papyrus paper which we will have framed.

    A long, full, fun day. We had drinks with several of our fellow travellers before dinner in the bar and then another lovely dinner buffet. Our destination tomorrow is Alexandria, about 3 hours north of Cairo on the Mediterranean Sea.
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  • Day 15

    Apr 16 cont'd - Sakkara & Retail Therapy

    April 16, 2018 in Egypt ⋅ 🌙 28 °C

    Second posting for today.

    Our second stop for the day was Sakkara (also spelled Saqqara). Here we visited King Djoser's Step Pyramid. The man responsible for carrying out the construction was Imhotep, King Djoser's Prime Minister. Imhotep is credited as the inventor of building in stone and was a man of many talents—architect, physician, master sculptor, scribe, and astronomer. He may be the first true genius in recorded history, and his impact on Egyptian life and custom was profound. He was later deified as the god of wisdom and medicine.

    Djoser and Imhotep decided to build an enormous mastaba of stone, but at some point during construction they built another mastaba on top of the first—and then another on top of the second. They continued this process until they had enlarged the structure into the world’s first pyramid. It was what we now call a “step pyramid,” consisting of six terraces some 200 feet (60 m) high. Then they enclosed the surface in smooth white limestone; they added chapels around the base and a vast courtyard for the king's festivals. The entire complex was enclosed with a wall. The Step Pyramid was considered to be a giant staircase which King Djoser would climb after being resurrected to join the sun god Ra in the sky.

    Sakkara is also the site of many tombs of minor royalty and court officials. These are known as “the tombs of the nobles.” The limestone walls of these structures are delicately incised with images showing all kinds of animals, fish, birds, insects, vegetation, and people hunting, herding, and farming. Some of the pictures still retain their original paint after 4,500 years. The quality of these compositions is proof that the ancient Egyptians quickly attained an artistic culture of a very high order. The sophistication and excellence of their artistry and architectural craftsmanship reached their apotheosis in the development of the pyramids.

    On our way to lunch, we stopped at the Oriental Carpet School near Sakkara. Here, young Egyptian children, who would otherwise have little hope for their future, are taught a trade. They train them to weave carpets of wool or silk or cotton, and then the carpets are sold in the next door factory, to the tourists who come by the busload, as we did. Carpets here cost a fraction of what we would pay at home.

    The first room is a large, airy space with a lot of light, and several carpet looms set up along the walls. The looms are mostly vertical wooden contraptions, strung by hand with hundreds of guide threads. The way the carpets are made is the same way they have been made for thousands of years: each hand-cut and colored length is wrapped around the individual guide thread and deftly knotted. The weaver's fingers dance and fly at an incredible speed. The rug is made by stacking knot after knot against each other, the colors and pattern emerging as more knots are stacked, until there are hundreds of thousands, sometimes millions of knots, and the carpet is cut down to lie on the floor or a wall. The fringe usually left on a rug is all that remains visible of the guide threads used to build the rug. At first, a picture is put up on the wall as a template, but as the weavers becomes more experienced, they can work from memory. Densities run from about 200 knots/square inch up to 900 knots/square inch.

    At the base of each loom, there is a narrow wooden bench, almost at ground level. It is here the kids sit, weaving these rugs all day. We are told they study, too, and are taught school subjects by the carpet school. The children range from seven or eight to about fifteen, and they are relatively clean, although kind of sinewy thin. The kids sit, often two or three to a bench, all working on the same rug.

    We sat through the obligatory short sales promo. The demo man showed the way the silk rug changes color by reversing it. He flipped a smallish rug up in the air, giving it a half-turn on the way as if he was making pizza dough. The rug responded by shimmering in mid-air, and indeed, as it landed, the green is now a different shade. Apparently, the silk gives off a different impression depending on which way the threads are angled, appearing to change color. Supposedly, this chameleon factor is what caused the legends of flying carpets, as the rugs seem to move, shift and shimmer when they are flung into the air.

    Doug and I threw all caution to the wind and purchased a 4' x 6' Egyptian cotton rug (200 knots/sq in) that has arrived at our home and now adorns the front hall in our house built in 1908. The salesman tried to sell us a silk carpet, but we found the colours too subdued and without the colour contrast that we liked so much in the one we chose. The factory sold several carpets that day - a good round of retail therapy after absorbing a lot of history and culture for so many days!
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  • Day 15

    Apr 16 - Memphis (not in Tennessee!)

    April 16, 2018 in Egypt ⋅ 🌙 28 °C

    First of three postings for today.

    Our first stop of the day was in Memphis. We passed some deplorable slums and filthy conditions along the way. We saw men on camels, a donkey cart with a water buffalo tied to it and the ever-present tuk-tuks.

    Memphis was an ancient city of Egypt, whose ruins are situated on the Nile about 15 km (nearly 10 miles) south of Cairo. It was the first capital of the Old Kingdom of Egypt c.3100 BC, founded by Menes, the ruler of the first Egyptian dynasty, who united the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt. Memphis means "endearing and beautiful". It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The strategic placement of Memphis at the head of the Nile delta moved over time to follow the river's changing course. Eventually, the head of the delta moved further north, leading to the creation of Egypt's new Islamic capital, ancestor of modern-day Cairo.

    We visited the Memphis Open Air Museum. The most famous of Memphis’ monuments is the limestone colossal statue of Ramesses II, displayed near to where it was originally found. It would have towered over 10 meters high. Ramesses II (1279 - 1213 BC) is regarded as one of the greatest and most powerful pharoahs in Egyptian history. He reigned for 66 years, had 90 children, fought in many wars and achieved one of the first peace treaties in world history. He built extensively throughout Egypt, building cities, temples and monuments. Like a graffiti artist, he made his mark by having his name inscribed on every possible stone, and by building numerous statues to himself.

    We were stunned by the amount of detail in the carving and the amazingly accurate musculature in the limbs. And all of this done without benefit of Black and Decker tools! The statue once guarded one of the gates of the Great Ptah Temple. Ramesses wears his Names (head dress), the double crown of Upper and Lower Egypt, his false beard and a kilt. The female cobra on his forehead is there to strike out at anyone who might dare to attack him.

    We saw a majestic Sphinx, the second largest in Egypt. Incredibly, this 8-meter statue is made out of a single block of Egyptian alabaster. Sphinxes were often guards or protectors of ancient Egyptian sacred places. Some represent kings (pharaohs) with their human faces attached to the body of a lion - an animal recognized as the ultimate symbol of power.
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  • Day 14

    Apr 15 - The Sights of Cairo

    April 15, 2018 in Egypt ⋅ 🌙 25 °C

    Our wakeup call came at 3:00 a.m. Not sure why I bothered to go to bed because I hardly slept. Doug got a little bit of sleep. We were In the lobby by 3:30 a.m. We each got a box breakfast with a banana, an apple, a sad cheese sandwich and two donut-like muffins. On the bus and on our way to the airport by 4:00 a.m. with the same young man who shepherded Doug and myself from the airport on Tuesday. A large Starbucks coffee at 6:30 a.m. perked me up a bit. Got some of yesterday’s write up done while we waited. Our flight left at 7:45 a.m. and we got to Cairo about 8:15 a.m. local time. Cairo is an hour behind Amman. Harry was there to guide us through the airport and to get us to our bus. Our driver is Monty and our guide is Mostafa.

    For Doug and myself, this is 5th continent that we have seen – North America, Europe, Australia, Asia and now Africa. We have South America and Antarctic to go. Might have to settle for six out of seven.

    First some information about Egypt (thanks Wikipedia):

    Egypt, officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt.

    From 1882 until 1952, Egypt was under British protection. It gained its independence following the 1952 revolution and was declared a republic in 1953.

    Our first impression of Cairo is that it is so modern. It has a population of 25 million – that’s over one quarter of all the 95 million people in Egypt. I, wrongly, was expecting a place resembling Casablanca in the famous movie. Cairo is busy, with crazy, honking drivers. Lane markings on the road are non-existent and drivers squeeze in wherever they think they can gain a few inches. The traffic in the older areas of Cairo is complicated by tuk-tuks whipping around and going the wrong direction of the flow of traffic. A tuk-tuk is a little 3-wheeled machine – rather like a scooter with a roof, a seat for 2-3 passengers and a crazy driver. And then, to make life interesting, you see wagons drawn by horses or donkeys in and amongst the craziness. Throw in some wild motorcycle riders (no helmets of course), and you have a fine mess of traffic that requires nerves of steel and a constant application of the horn to be able to handle it. Oh yes, and jay walking is a nation sport here. There seem to be no crosswalks and very few lights, so people just step out and take their chances – men, women, children, everyone. Kudos to brave Monty for handling it all.

    Mostafa took us on a city sight seeing tour since we couldn’t get into our hotel until later in the afternoon.

    Our first stop was at the tomb of Anwar Sadat. He was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981. Sadat was a senior member of the Free Officers who overthrew King Farouk in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. As President, he led Egypt in the Yom Kippur War of 1973 to regain Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, which Israel had occupied since the Six-Day War of 1967, making him a hero in Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab World. Afterwards, he engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty; this won him and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin the Nobel Peace Prize, making Sadat the first Muslim Nobel laureate.

    From the Sadat Memorial, we went to the Great Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha or Alabaster Mosque is a mosque situated in the Citadel of Cairo in Egypt and commissioned by Muhammad Ali Pashabetween 1830 and 1848. Situated on the summit of the citadel, this Ottoman mosque, the largest to be built in the first half of the 19th century, is, with its animated silhouette and twin minarets, the most visible mosque in Cairo. This mosque, along with the citadel, is one of the landmarks and tourist attractions of Cairo and is one of the first features you see when approaching the city from any direction.

    We jaywalked like the locals to look at Abdeen Palace which is a historic Cairo palace, and one of the official residences and the principal workplace of the President of Egypt. You can see the British influence in the ornate ironwork gates.

    Next, Mostafa took us on a boat ride up and down the Nile River. We rode in a felucca – a traditional wooden sailing boat that has been used in the protected waters of the Red Sea and on the Nile River for thousands of years. It was a great way to see more of this city while enjoying a quieter and calmer mood than a motorized boat would have to offer.

    We had lunch at the Fish Boat – a restaurant that is an old boat floating on the Nile River.

    Our next stop was Coptic Cairo which is a part of Old Cairo which encompasses the Babylon Fortress, the Coptic Museum, the Hanging Church, the Greek Church of St. George and many other Coptic churches and historical sites. Holy Family visited this area and stayed at the what is now the site of Saints Sergius and Bacchus Church (Abu Serga) during their 3 year 11 month exile in Egypt as they hid from King Herod. The cave where they stayed for 3 months is called the Cavern Church.

    The Hanging Church (Saint Virgin Mary’s Coptic Orthodox Church) is one of the oldest churches in Egypt dating to the 3rd century AD. It was built above the gatehouse of the Babylon Fortress and its nave is suspended over a passageway, giving it its name.

    The Church of St. George is a Greek Orthodox church within Babylon Fortress in Coptic Cairo. The church dates back to the 10th century (or earlier). The current structure was rebuilt following a 1904 fire.

    We were also able to see the site where Moses was plucked from the reeds of the Nile River by the daughter of the pharaoh.

    We visited the Ben Ezra Synagogue near the Moses site.

    We made a brief stop at the Amr ibn Al Aas Mosque, but Doug and I declined to go in since we had seen the splendid Grand Mosque in Abu Dhabi during our visit to Dubai.

    Fr. Paul said a lovely mass for us in a chapel run by the Sisters of St. Elizabeth of Padua. They minister to the approximately 800 lepers in Cairo.

    Finally, we got to check into our hotel. We were thrilled to see two pyramids right near the hotel. This hotel is a step up from those we stayed at in Jordan. We will be here for four nights – the rest of the group will be here for five nights as they fly home Friday morning while we head out Thursday night. For the second hotel in a row, we got a room with twin beds. Going to see about moving to a king bed room tomorrow.

    Had a lovely dinner - the dessert buffet sucked me into its vortex. We are going to the pyramids tomorrow!!
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  • Day 14

    Apr 14 - Jerash - City of 1000 Columns

    April 15, 2018 in Jordan ⋅ ☀️ 11 °C

    Second posting for the day.....

    After lunch at a buffet-style place, we toured Jerash Archeological City - the ancient meeting place of the east and the west. It is on Jordan's list of proposed UNESCO World Heritage sites.

    Jerash is the site of the ruins of the Greco-Roman city of Gerasa, also referred to as Antioch on the Golden River. The ruined city of Jerash is Jordan's largest and most interesting Roman site. Its imposing ceremonial gates, colonnaded avenues, temples and theatres all speak to the time when this was an important imperial centre.

    At the extreme south of the site is the striking Hadrian’s Arch, also known as the Triumphal Arch, which was built in AD 129 in honour of the visit of Emperor Hadrian. Behind the arch is the hippodrome, which hosted chariot races in front of up to 15,000 spectators.

    The South Gate, originally one of four along the city wall and built in 130, leads into the city proper. One of the most distinctive sites of Jerash, the forum is unusual because of its shape and huge size (90m long and 80m at its widest point). Fifty-six Ionic columns surround the paved limestone plaza, linking the cardo maximus with the Temple of Zeus.

    The elegant remains of the Temple of Zeus, built around 162, can be reached from the forum – a worthwhile climb that we made to get the spectacular views. Next door, the South Theatre was built in the 1st century with a capacity of 5000 spectators. From the upper stalls the acoustics are still wonderful, as demonstrated by the bagpiper that we found playing there to a delighted audience.

    Northeast of the forum lies the cardo maximus, the city’s main thoroughfare, also known as the colonnaded street. Stretching 800m to the North Gate, the street is still paved with its original stones, rutted by the wheels of chariots that once jostled along its length.

    The colonnaded street is punctuated by the nymphaeum, the main fountain of the city, before giving rise to a superb propylaeum (monumental gateway) and a staircase. The Temple of Artemis, towering over Jerash at the top of the stairs, was dedicated to the patron goddess of the city, but alas it was dismantled to provide masonry for new churches under Theodorius in 386.

    As with other sites, we found vendors everywhere selling their wares. Visitors to Jordan simply have to look past them to fully appreciate the historical sites.

    On the way home to the Dead Sea, Ruby got the bus driver to stop at a roadside stand and get loquats. They are also called Chinese plums or Japanese plums. They are yellow and sweet and fleshy rather like a nectarine. The flavour is a mixture of peach, citrus and mild mango. Delicious.

    We took a short detour to see the newly-constructed home of the owner of Manaseer Group, a huge Jordanian company involved in iron and steel recycling, gas stations, cement and concrete products (used extensively for homes here) and much more. His house is HUGE and is an exact copy of the White House. Unbelievable.

    Saw a cute thing. Sheep are everywhere here in Jordan. We saw a herd of sheep being ushered through a pedestrian tunnel that crossed over the highway. Too funny for words. Sadly, no photo!

    Our wakeup call tomorrow is for 3:00 a.m. as we have a 7:45 a.m. flight to Cairo. Tomorrow is going to be a long day.
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