Into the Midnight Sun

June - July 2022
We are visiting Scandinavia again, this time to some out-of-the-way places we have never seen before. Read more
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  • Day 5

    The Home of Giants

    June 28, 2022 in Scotland ⋅ ☁️ 61 °F

    Edinburgh is a remarkable place.

    As soon as I turned the corner onto the Royal Mile, I saw statues of Philosopher David Hume and Economist Adam Smith. I knew I was in the right place. Edinburgh has produced more than its share of thinkers who have changed the world. In the eighteenth century philosopher David Hume cut through much of the sludge that had impeded philosophical studies since the time of the ancient Greeks. He proposed a philosophy which maintained, in effect, that if you see a tree in front of you, the tree is really there, and you really are seeing the tree. His approach eventually became known as the Scottish “Common Sense” school of philosophy. Adam Smith tracked the ebb and flow of capital in his book “The Wealth of Nations,” and identified the currents and eddies that affect the movement of money. The dynamics of the transfer of wealth he described still apply today. They still work, notwithstanding the shouts of short-sighted demonstrators who occupy Wall Street arguing that the bankers are too rich so we must do away with money. Do they not realize that money is nothing more than a token that represents value? Have they no understanding that supply and demand determine value, not the number of coins or bills required to purchase an item?

    Forgive me. I rant. But Edinburgh is a remarkable place.

    Edinburgh was not only the home of Hume and Smith, however. It was here that Robert the Bruce and John Wallace resisted English tyranny. It was here that the Protestant King James VI of Scotland became King James I of England who authorized an English translation of the Bible we still use today. It was here that his hapless mother, Mary Queen of Scots, was imprisoned and eventually executed by Queen Elizabeth I, even though the Catholic Mary had an arguably stronger claim to the British throne than did her cousin. It was here that we saw five years ago the Royal Edinburgh Tattoo in a castle whose origins go back at least as far as the eighth century. But this was the fortress of James and Mary, of Robert and John. In the last thousand years it has been besieged 28 times. Edinburgh is different from our cities. Our cities have no fortresses; they have never needed them. We may be thankful that they have never been attacked. However, this city, which has been attacked repeatedly, has a character and a ruggedness that New York, Chicago and Los Angeles lack. It was here that tough Reformer John Knox developed a form of Calvinism that produced the Presbyterian Church. It is here in Edinburgh that Queen Elizabeth II resides this week. She is at Holyrood House Castle for her annual official visit to Scotland.

    Today we walked and watched people. Some Scottish, some Japanese, German, French, old and young. Some straight, some gay. All beautiful. We boarded a tender, then a bus that brought us to Charlotte Square, the end point of a district called New Town that contains some of the most beautiful, symmetrical, well constructed buildings I have ever seen—all Georgian. But, of course, I must confess that I am outrageously prejudiced. It is my favorite style of architecture, and here it runs for miles. There is more of it here than any other place in the world. Some of the buildings are restored, some need cleaning, but all are stately. Integrated. Substantial. All beautiful.

    We walked through Princess Street Gardens. This lovely park contains roses, millions of them. It also contains mementos—of the Norwegian troops recruited here to fight the Nazis, of preacher-philanthropist Thomas Guthrie and of other heroes. Not that these men are not memorable. They certainly are, but statues like theirs can be found in many places. We found here, however, memorials to other saints which I have found nowhere else.

    We saw a huge statue of a toy, stuffed elephant with the inscription, “In memory of our precious babies, gone but not forgotten.”

    We saw a statue of a large dog. The inscription told us that he was part of a litter born in San Diego, California. His litter mates remained in America, but “Bobby” was brought by his owners here to Edinburgh. He loved this park and came here every day, staying from early morning until it closed at nightfall, greeting visitors with a warm tongue, playing with children who passed by. He became part of Princess Street Gardens, and everyone who came to the park regularly would drop by the area just behind St. Cuthbert’s Church to pat him on the head or toss him a little stick. Bobby loved sticks. He would fetch them, or just lie down and gnaw on them. But he became part of the park. And when he died, the proprietors of the Princess Street Gardens allowed a statue with the dog’s likeness to be erected behind St. Cuthbert’s Church.

    You can still come to Princess Street Gardens to see Bobby, or at least his statue. And if you do, you might just toss him a stick. We saw a pile of them today between his paws, brought by his grateful friends who still visit the park.

    Edinburgh is a remarkable place. I hope you have an opportunity to come here soon.
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  • Day 6

    Wonderful Kirkwall

    June 29, 2022 in Scotland ⋅ 🌧 54 °F

    The Orkney Islands looked beautiful at dawn today as they slowly materialized out of a fog bank. We got off the ship in the middle of a rain shower, 60° temperatures and 20-mile-an hour winds. Wandering into Kirkwall, we didn’t quite know where to go first. We ambled into a few craft stores where Glenda bought presents for friends. Then through the rain and clouds we saw tall steeple that seem to call us. A sign on the front told us we were entering the Church of Saint Magnus, a strikingly beautiful Anglican structure serving a congregation here since the eighth century. Its architecture shouted its Norse heritage loud and clear. I expected a Viking to peek out from behind anyone of the beautiful columns supporting its Romanesque arches. In fact, this church gave the town its name. The Vikings who settled here in the 800’s called the place Kirkvegr, or the church on the bay. Gradually that name was elided by the Picts, and then the Scots, and finally by the English into Kirkwall.

    After seeing the church we wandered through the streets noticing that there was not one piece of litter, nor a single stroke of graffiti. The houses are small but beautiful in their simplicity, and each one is as neat as a pin. The people of Orkney take great pride in their islands and it shows.

    I had seen some mention on the web about the Orkney Wireless Museum. For much of its history, Orkney has been remote, desolate, alone—and proudly so. Throughout the twentieth century radio provided a vital link to the outside world. A ham radio operator set up a little museum about the development of wireless communication, especially as it relates to the Orkneys. Inside we found an amiable volunteer who happily told us that he and his wife moved here when he was transferred by the oil company that employed him. The oil industry in the North Sea is still one of the big businesses here. The radio guy liked it so much that they decided to stay. In the small museum displays examples of old commercial AM radios that I remember from my youth, as well as ham radio equipment and a few examples of set used for military radio communications.

    The people here were marvelously kind, and they were genuinely pleased to have us visit their island. They told us that the largest industry here is agriculture, followed closely by tourism. During the pandemic, no cruise ships visited, but now business is back and Kirkwall expects more than 130 ships to visit this summer alone. The islands were part of Norway until the 1300’s when the King of Norway gave these islands as a wedding present to his daughter when she married the King of Scotland. Ever since then, the Orkney Islands have been part of Scotland. Edinburgh and Aberdeen are about five hours away by ferry and car, and the residents get reduced rates for airline flights that take them to Scotland’s capital in less than an hour.

    As we left Kirkwall to return to the ship, Glenda asked, “Do you think it would ever be possible for us to move here?”

    I don’t think she was serious, but I can understand how she found the Orkney Islands with their beauty, their wonderful people and their unpretentious lifestyle to be enormously attractive.
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  • Day 6

    The People of Brodgar

    June 29, 2022 in Scotland ⋅ ☁️ 55 °F

    On the circuit of the largest island, which the local residence call the mainland, we first encountered some of the prehistoric settlements that pepper the Orkney Islands. Even before we reached the ancient site of Brodgar, we passed excavated remains of small villages. Burial mounds adjacent often had a 20 foot granite standing-stone placed to the west as much as a quarter-mile away. Even today at the summer solstice the tip of the shadow of the setting sun kisses the crest of these burial mounds. The Brodgar Standing Stones were amazing. The best guess is that they come from sometime around 8000 BC, some 2000 years earlier than Stonehenge. There are several theories about how these large stones were transported to this site and erected into a perfect circle aligned with the sun. Standing erect on their treeless plain, they must have inspired awe in to people who lived their entire lives within sight of them. This infinite expanse of land was their neighborhood, their entire world. Sea level was lower then, and the temperature was warmer. Growing mainly barley, their sheep and the deer they herded supplemented their diet. They probably also used dogs to hunt wild game. Living here for thousands of years, they regarded this as their world until a change in climate turned this area‘s weather inhospitable. Then the residents either starved here or became aggressive, attacking and capturing more benign farmland to the south.Read more

  • Day 6

    Harbor of History

    June 29, 2022 in Scotland ⋅ 🌬 59 °F

    You may never have heard of Skapa Flow, but it made you who you are. Without it, odds are you would not now be in North America, nor would you be speaking English. Arguably, it is the largest harbor in the world. The entire navy of any nation of the world could be assembled in this harbor, and have plenty of room to navigate. Some say the harbor at Sydney Australia is larger, but it depends on how you measure it. Even so, nothing ever happened in Sydney harbor that impacted you or your ancestors. Skapa Flow is another story. It is shown on this map by its local name, “The Clogg,” but by whatever name, Skapa Flow is more important to you than you realize.

    It became important 1400 years ago when Viking raiders were ravaging the coasts of the British Isles. They would retreat to Skapa Flow to hide, nurse their wounds and distribute booty before the next raid. If you had any ancestors from England, Ireland or Scotland, then you have at least some DNA from the Vikings who pillaged the coastal towns to the south, then eventually remained to become farmers, sailors and parents. If you can feel a little bump on your palm near the base of your ring finger, then that is definite proof of your Viking ancestry. It is called Depuyten’s Contracture, and many of us in North America have it. Many of us are Vikings. The Vikings turned the Anglo-Saxons, Picts, Scots and Celts in the British Isles into sailors. Eventually these sailors allowed Britannia to rule the waves, and also to rule North America.

    In both World Wars, this natural harbor constituted the largest naval base in the world. Skapa Flow attracted the attention of the world at the end of World War I. The Allies had won the war and the Treaty of Versailles was about to be signed. Some 70 German warships had been seized by the British. Most of the crew members were returned to Germany, but a few remained to provide a skeleton crew as the ships steamed to their final disposition in the Orkney Islands. They were sailed under British guard to Skapa Flow. The German admiral did not want his ships to be converted and reused. On 21 June, 1919 Admiral Ludwig von Reuter ordered a semaphore signal to be transmitted commanding the skippers of 54 of the vessels to scuttle their ships. They opened the seacocks and broke the pipes, allowing sea water to rush in to flood their vessels. Within half an hour all of the German ships were sinking, and it took only fourteen minutes for them to reach the bottom of the sea. Thus, he and over 2,000 sailors went down with their ships in Skapa Flow. The only witnesses to the event were a group of schoolchildren on an afternoon field trip to the ocean.

    The harbor here made the news again at the outbreak of World War II. British public opinion was still waffling on whether Adolf Hitler was a Saviour or a Satan. Even former King Edward VIII was in favor of the Third Reich. On October 14, 1939 a German submarine U-47 torpedoed HMS Royal Oak while the British battleship was anchored in Skapa Flow, sending 835 of its crewmen to the bottom of the sea. The old battleship was no longer fit for front line duty, so the attack had little strategic importance. However, the direct attack of the German Navy on a British vessel had an enormous psychological impact on the British people, and Churchill ordered miles of massive concrete and steel barriers (called Churchill Barriers) to be installed at the mouth of the harbor. Churchill’s horror of Naziism seemed confirmed, and the British people committed themselves to the inevitabilty of World War II. Like the USS Arizona, HMS Royal Oak is still commissioned in the British Navy. She still lies at the bottom of Skapa Flow, and each year a local dive team goes down, takes her ensign off the mast, and replaces it with a new one. The old ensign is then displayed for the next twelve months in the memorial inside St. Magnus Church in Kirkwall. Had Great Britain failed to mobilize when she did, it is virtually certain that Hitler would have conquered the British, and with America as his next target, the outcome of World War II might have been completely different.
    The British shut down their naval base here in 1956. Since then spy novels have kept alive the notion that Skapa Flow is the site of some sophisticated clandestine underwater activity. Whether this is true or not, Skapa Flow is an immensely important place.
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  • Day 6

    What’s in a Name

    June 29, 2022 in Scotland ⋅ ⛅ 57 °F

    This afternoon we took a bus to see the standing stones of the Orkneys. They are much older than Stonehenge but that’s a story for Chuck to tell you. My story begins in the absolutely charming town of Stromness. Chuck and I spent about an hour in this precious and unpretentious little town by the North Sea. I was quickly falling in love with Stromness and then I saw the parish church and its sign out front. I yelled for Chuck to come over and see the sign. “ Look, even the pastor is humble and unpretentious. He doesn’t have a title like ‘The Reverend’ or ‘The Reverend Dr.’ He just has his name Reg Charity. Not even Reginald. And how cool is it that his last name is Charity? And he gives his phone number on the sign. How wonderful is that?” Chuck listened to me rapturize about how wonderful the pastor must be and how much I loved this town. After about 5 minutes when I finally was quiet for a minute, Chuck said “Sweetie, I think that is not the pastor’s name but a notice that this church is a government Registered Charity, and the number is not a phone number but a tax ID.“

    I just stared at him and then said, “Well, dang! Let’s head back to the bus.”
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  • Day 7

    Shetland

    June 30, 2022 in Scotland ⋅ ☁️ 57 °F

    I made our morning jaunt through Shetland’s largest city of Lerwick betting that the clouds and wind would not produce a rainstorm. The bet paid off. We walked to the Shetland Museum, but then decided we would stroll through the scenic streets and alleys of Old Town. Lovely old buildings from the nineteenth century now serve everything from coffee and pastries to Indian cuisine. Just before we returned to the ship I insisted that we make one more little excursion down a lane called Commerce Street. It runs right down by the harbor, and I suspected it would lead me to my target. Indeed, within a block we found the building that serves as the home of Inspector Jimmy Perez on the British TV series “Shetland.” Our guide later that day told us that he had appeared as an extra in the series four times, and that unlike the drama depicted on television, Lerwick does not have a murder per week. He says that the locals watch the series not so much to follow the story, but to see which of their neighbors appear on the show. They are also interested in the locations the film crew uses. In some episodes Inspector Perez walks down the street to a nearby house. In reality the house is forty miles away from the city.

    After a quick lunch back on the ship, I lost my bet with the weather. Glenda wisely chose to wear her rain gear, and her choice paid off. We took a bus tour of the island, but we were completely surrounded by fog. Most of the time we could see less than twenty yards. At the midpoint of the bus ride we came to a stable that raises Shetland ponies. The owner, a woman named Carol, told us about the breed. Originally raised to haul heavy loads in coal mines, now the little horses are used primarily to teach children to ride.

    On the cruise out of Lerwick harbor, the fog cleared a bit, and I got a few good shots of the town. One shows Inspector Jimmy Perez’s house from the ocean. The real-life building houses the Lerwick Boat Club, incidentally.
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  • Day 10

    Into the Midnight Sun

    July 3, 2022, Norwegian Sea ⋅ ☀️ 57 °F

    Tonight we are as far north as we are going to be. The last time we were this far north we were just above Fox River, Alaska, the temperature was near zero, and we were behind a team of sled dogs mushing through the snow. Tonight the temperature is almost 70°, and we are farther north than we have ever been. In fact we are closer to earth’s pole now than we were in Antarctica. We both got out of bed at solar midnight, dressed and went out on the deck. What we saw was spectacular. We actually did see the sun at midnight. The entire golden ball was several degrees above the horizon as we looked to the northwest. I took a picture of Glenda in which you can clearly see her shadow. She took one of me as well. Then I dared to point my camera to the sun, and although I under exposed the photograph you get some idea of the beauty of this solar sphere at midnight. The name of this trip is “Into the Midnight Sun.” Tonight we found it.Read more

  • Day 10

    Home of the Wind

    July 3, 2022 in Norway ⋅ 🌬 52 °F

    Have you ever wondered where the wind comes from? It starts here at North Cape. As I stand here, there is nothing between me and the North Pole a thousand miles away. It feels as though every wind in the world begins here. I cannot recall being in another place where the wind is actually dangerous. Here she has teeth. I reckon there are sustained winds of 45 to 50 miles an hour here with gusts between 60 and 65 miles an hour. The wind almost succeeds in blowing down an able man. It contorts your face face into grotesque caricatures. It never stops. It carries fine dust the consistency of talcum powder that gets in your eyes and your nose and your ears and your mouth. Simply standing requires a major effort. After merely standing outside for ten minutes, I was exhausted. Even so, the scenery here is stunning. An 18th century explorer called this place North Cape. The name stuck, and the monument designating this spot as the northernmost point in Europe was built here, even though the cape a few miles west of here extends just a few yards farther out into the Arctic Ocean. The barren hills just south of here host reindeer and little else. No tree, no flower, no animal has ever survived these winds, nor the six months of constant darkness from October to March. Nothing lives here. Except the wind.Read more

  • Day 10

    Hung in Honningsvåg

    July 3, 2022 in Norway ⋅ ☁️ 52 °F

    The captain just came over the horn to say that the winds were too strong for us to exit the harbor here at Honningsvåg. Furthermore, there are no tugboats available to help us out of the harbor. If you have to get stuck somewhere, this is a wonderful place to be stuck at. Glenda will give me a haircut out on the veranda amid the 40-mile per hour wind, and by the time supper is over, my hair will be in the nest of a couple of magpies in southern Italy.Read more

  • Day 10

    Sailing Again

    July 3, 2022 in Norway ⋅ ☁️ 52 °F

    The ship set sail about 8:15 PM, once the wind subsided. Now we are proceeding through the channel that will take us back out to the Norwegian Sea. The light coming through the clouds upon the mountains is sinister and beautiful.Read more